Description
Folinic acid, chemical name N-[4-[(2-amino-5-formyl-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4-oxo-6-pteridyl) Methyl]amino]benzoyl-L-glutamic acid has been widely used in cancer combined chemotherapy. Folinic acid enters the human body through the ingestion and absorption pathway of folate. Folinic acid (calcium folinate) is a special form of reduced folic acid (folate).
Uses
1. It is mainly used as an antidote for folic acid antagonists (such as methotrexate, pyrimethamine or trimethoprim, etc.).2. It is used to prevent severe toxic effects caused by methotrexate overdose or high-dose treatment.3. Megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency.4. When combined with fluorouracil, it is used to treat advanced colon cancer and rectal cancer.
Characteristics
L-leucovorin is used as an anti-tumor antidote and anti-megaloblastic anemia adjuvant. Its dosage is 1/2 of folinic acid. L-leucovorin does not need to be reduced by dihydrofolate reductase to participate in the use of folate as a The reaction is derived from carbon units, and L-leucovorin can actively or passively pass through the cell membrane; the basic function of L-leucovorin is the same as folic acid, but the effect is better than folic acid. At the same time, L-leucovorin also has the effect of stimulating the growth and maturation of white blood cells, which can improve the growth and maturation of white blood cells.
Pharmacology
Folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid), an essential water-soluble vitamin, consists of a pteridine ring joined to PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid) and glutamic acid.3 Folic acid is the most common of the many folate congeners that exist in nature and are essential for normal cellular metabolic functions. Folic acid is rarely called vitamin B9. After absorption, folic acid is reduced by dihydrofolic acid reductase (DHFR) to dihydrofolic acid and then tetrahydrofolic acid (THF), which accepts one-carbon groups. Tetrahydrofolic acid serves as the precursor for several biologically active forms of folic acid, including 5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-formyl THF), which is best known as folinic acid, leucovorin, and citrovorum factor.
Preparation
In a 1L reaction flask, first add 0.45L of pure water, heat to 55-60℃ with stirring, then add 15g (0.0245mol, water 16.4%) of levofolinate, keep it at 55-60℃, and stir to It is almost dissolved, and the temperature is lowered to 0-10°C first, and an aqueous sodium carbonate solution (2.6g sodium carbonate (0.0245mol) dissolved in 45mL of pure water) is added dropwise, keeping the temperature at 0-10°C, after dripping, keep warm and stir for 1 hour. The precipitated solid is filtered out, the filter cake is washed once with 20 ml of pure water, and the filtrate is the sodium levofolinate solution. Put the filtrate into a 1L reaction flask, stir and lower the temperature to 0-5°C, control the temperature of the reaction system at 0-5°C, and add 1N dilute hydrochloric acid uniformly. When the pH of the acidification end point is 2.0-2.5, stop the dripping. Stir for about 30 minutes, then stand and age for 30 minutes, filter, and wash the filter cake twice with 75 mL of pure water. The wet product is freeze-dried to obtain 9.1 g of Folinic acid. Yield: 78%
Chemical Properties
Crystals. Sparingly soluble in water.
Originator
Leucovorin calcium,AstraZeneca
Uses
Anti-anemic (folate deficiency); antidote (to folic acid
antagonists).
Uses
Folinic Acid is used in combination with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of colorectal cancers. It also functions as a useful antidotal therapy medication for decreasing the toxic effect of methotrexate overdosing.
Definition
ChEBI: A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.
Manufacturing Process
5,10-Methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, chloride hydrochloride dihydrate
(20 g) was added in one portion to 100 ml water at 60°C followed by N,Ndiethylethanolamine (14.9 g) which adjusted the pH to 6. The mixture was
maintained at reflux for 5 hours and the pH kept between 5.7 and 6.2 by
addition of N,N-diethylethanolamine. The mixture was cooled, synthetic
magnesium silicate (15 g) added and slurried, and filtered through celite and
diluted with 40 ml SD3A (95% ethanol with 5% methanol). The filtrate was
kept at -5°C for 16 hours, aqueous calcium chloride (4.0 g) was added
dropwise to the cold filtrate, and the precipitate filtered, washed with SD3A
(100 ml) and with ethyl acetate (100 ml) and dried under reduced pressure.
brand name
Wellcovorin (GlaxoSmithKline).
Therapeutic Function
Antidote (folic acid antagonists), Antianemic
