Uses
Isoprenaline is a non-selective β-adrenergic receptor agonist.It is used to treat heart block and episodes of Adams–Stokes syndrome that are not caused by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation. It is also used to prevent Torsades de Pointes in patients with long QT refractory to magnesium and to treat patients with intermittent Torsades de Pointes refractory to treatment with magnesium.
Brand name
Isoprenaline is marketed under many brand names worldwide, including Aleudrina, Asthpul, Iludrin, Isomenyl, Isuprel, Neo-Epinine, Neodrenal, Proternol, and Saventrine.
Mechanism of action
Isoprenaline is a β1 and β2 adrenoreceptor agonist and has almost no activity on alpha adrenergic receptors at low levels.However, at higher concentrations, isoprenaline can evoke α-AR-mediated responses. Its agonist effects at TAAR1 provide it with pharmacodynamic effects that resemble those of the endogenous trace amines, like tyramine.
Pharmacology
Isoprenaline has a positive inotropic and chronotropic effects, increasing cardiac output by increasing the heart rate and cardiac contractility. Isoprenaline also decreases diastolic blood pressure by lowering peripheral vascular resistance.
Side effects
Tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, palpitations, hypotension, hypertension
Tremor
Headache, dizziness
Sweating, facial flushing
Both isoprenaline salts have a low pH and may cause venous irritation and tissue damage in cases of extravasation.
