Theobromin

Bezeichnung:Theobromin

CAS-Nr83-67-0

Englisch Name:Theobromine

CBNumberCB7753381

SummenformelC7H8N4O2

Molgewicht180.16

MOL-Datei83-67-0.mol

Synonyma

Theobromin

Theobromin physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	345-350 °C
Siedepunkt	312.97°C (rough estimate)
Dichte	1.50
Brechungsindex	1.6700 (estimate)
FEMA	3591 \| THEOBROMINE
Flammpunkt	290-295°C
storage temp.	Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
Löslichkeit	H₂O: slightly soluble
Aggregatzustand	solid
pka	7.89(at 18℃)
Farbe	white
Geruch (Odor)	odorless
Wasserlöslichkeit	slightly soluble, <0.1 g/100 mL at 18 ºC
Sublimation	290-295 ºC
Merck	14,9282
BRN	16464
InChIKey	YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	-0.78
CAS Datenbank	83-67-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	1H-Purine-2,6-dione, 3,7-dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-(83-67-0)
IARC	3 (Vol. 51) 1991
EPA chemische Informationen	Theobromine (83-67-0)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	Xn,Xi,T,F
R-Sätze:	22-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
S-Sätze:	22-24/25-36-26-45-36/37-16-7
RIDADR	UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	XH2275000
F	10-23
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	29399990
Giftige Stoffe Daten	83-67-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Theobromine Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
Beschreibung
Theobromine is a methylxanthine alkaloid and derivative of caffeine that has been found in cocoa beans and has diverse biological activities. It is an adenosine A₁ receptor antagonist (IC₅₀s = 200-280 μM in radioligand binding assays using rat brain membranes). Theobromine (150 μg/ml) increases AMPK phosphorylation and inhibits adipocyte differentiation, ERK and JNK phosphorylation, and IL-6 and TNF-α production in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cultured in differentiation medium. It inhibits decreases in renal cortex SIRT1 activity and increases in NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, as well as reduces kidney hypertrophy and albuminuria in a spontaneously hypertensive rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes when administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg per day. Theobromine is toxic to dogs with an LD₅₀ value of 250 to 500 mg/kg.
Beschreibung
A purine alkaloid which is present in a number of plants, particularly Theobroma coco and kola nuts. The alkaloid sublimes at 290°C and may be purified by this method when it forms colourless, rhombic microcrystals. It is soluble in 1600 parts of H20 at 17°C, insoluble in cold Et20 or ligroin. It is a weak base and the salts are decomposed by H20. The perchlorate forms colourless crystals of the monohydrate which decompose at 271-3°C; the mercurinitrate is also crystalline and has a melting point above 300°C. The mercury salt is obtained as colourless crystals which darken at 29S-300°C and melt at 310°C. One imino group is present yielding alkyl derivative, e.g. the N-methyl compound identical with Caffeine (q.v.); the N~ethyl derivative, m.p. 164-SoC, forming an aurichloride, m.p. 226°C; N-propyl, m.p. 136°C giving an aurichloride, m.p. 9SoC; N-butyl, m.p. 119°C and the N-iso butyl, m.p. 129-130oC also giving an aurichloride,m.p. 97°C. The alkaloid also furnishes a methochloride as colourless rods, m.p. 320-340°C (dec.) which is very soluble in H20 and the methoaurichloride, m.p. 265°C (dec.).
Like Caffeine (q.v.) and Theophylline (q.v.), the alkaloid and its salts are mild stimulants and also possess a diuretic action.
Chemische Eigenschaften
A methyl xanthine similar to caffeine. Theobromine has a bitter taste.
Chemische Eigenschaften
white to light yellow crystal powder
Occurrence
Reported found in cocoa bean, cocoa powder, cola nut and tea.
Verwenden
A metabolite of Caffeine.
Verwenden
diuretic, bronchodilator, cardiotonic
Definition
ChEBI: A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. It is a purine alkaloid derived from cocoa tree.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Odorless white crystalline powder. Bitter taste. pH (saturated solution in water): 5.5-7.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Theobromine may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Theobromine has weakly acidic properties, combining with bases to forms salts. Theobromine also has even weaker basic properties, combining with acids to form salts which are decomposed in aqueous solution. .
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion. Questionable carcinogen.
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for Theobromine are not available; however, Theobromine is probably combustible.
Flammability and Explosibility
Non flammable
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by ingestion. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. An experimental teratogen. Human systemic effects by ingestion: central nervous system and gastrointestinal changes. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. Used as a diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, cardiac stimulant, and vasoddator.
läuterung methode
It crystallises from H2O. Its solubility in H2O is 0.06% at 15o and 1.25% at 100o, and it is poorly soluble in organic solvents. It forms salts with heavy metals and is a diuretic, vasodilator and a cardiac stimulant. [Lister Purines Part II, Fused Pyrimidines Brown Ed, Wiley-Interscience pp254-225 1971, ISBN 0-471-38205-1, Beilstein 26 H 457, 26 I 135, 26 II 264, 26 III/IV 2336.]
Einzelnachweise
Biltz, Max., Annalen, 423,320 (1921)
Dubosc., Chem. Zentr., IV, 956 (1932)
Gepner, Kreps., Chem. Abstr., 41,96 (1947)
Bohinc, Korber-Smid, J agodic., Farm. Vestn., (Ljubljana), 23, 143 (1972)

Theobromine Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Theobromin Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

83-67-0, Theobromine Verwandte Suche:

Send Inquriy