Docetaxel

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Achtung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H315：Verursacht Hautreizungen.

  H319：Verursacht schwere Augenreizung.

  H341：Kann vermutlich genetische Defekte verursachen.

  H362：Kann Säuglinge über die Muttermilch schädigen.

  H372：Schädigt bei Hautkontakt und Verschlucken die Organe bei längerer oder wiederholter Exposition.

• Sicherheit

  P202：Vor Gebrauch alle Sicherheitshinweise lesen und verstehen.

  P260：Dampf/Aerosol/Nebel nicht einatmen.

  P263：Kontakt während der Schwangerschaft /und der Stillzeit vermeiden.

  P302+P352：BEI BERÜHRUNG MIT DER HAUT: Mit viel Wasser/... (Hersteller kann, falls zweckmäßig, ein Reinigungsmittel angeben oder, wenn Wasser eindeutig ungeeignet ist, ein alternatives Mittel empfehlen) waschen.

  P305+P351+P338：BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

  P308+P313：BEI Exposition oder falls betroffen: Ärztlichen Rat einholen/ärztliche Hilfe hinzuziehen.

Docetaxel Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Beschreibung

  Docetaxel, a semi-synthetic product from the taxoid family, was launched in 1995 first in South Africa and subsequently in several other markets for the treatment of ovarian, breast and non-small cell lung cancers. Like the naturally occurring antitumor agent paclitaxel, the first marketed taxoid, docetaxel promotes both the rate and extent of tubulin assembly into stable microtubules and inhibits their depolymerization. It acts as a mitotic spindle poison and induces a mitotic block in proliferating cells. This mechanism of action for taxoids is unique from other classes of anticancer agents. Docetaxel was reported to be twice as potent as paclitaxel in several in vitro protocols and also exhibit higher cytotoxicity. Clinical trials are on going for docetaxel for other types of tumors including pancreatic, gastric, head and neck cancers and soft tissue sarcomas.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  Off-white Cryst

• Originator

  Rhone-Poulenc Rorer (France)

• Verwenden

  antineoplastic;binds to microtubules

• Verwenden

  Docetaxel used to treat variety of cancers (Lung, Breast, Prostate). It is a second-generation cytotoxic antimicrotubule agent and is mostly used in the pharmaceutical industry.

• Verwenden

  Docetaxel is a semisynthetic analog of taxol that inhibits microtubule disassembly (IC50 = 0.2 μM) and inhibits cell replication (IC50 = 0.13 μM). It has proven more effective than taxol in preventing the proliferation of cancer cells. Docetaxel has applications in breast cancer and hormone-refractory prostate cancer. This product is intended for research applications.

• Definition

  ChEBI: A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.

• Manufacturing Process

  Taxol, a material occurring in nature, and extracted from Taxus brevifolia (i.e. the Pacific yew tree). It consists of the A, B and C variants. Taxol is not water soluble, thereby complicating its delivery in vivo for therapeutic purposes.
  A sample of Taxol (14.7 g, 17 mmol) was dissolved in pyridine (150 mL) and chlorotriethylsilane (23.03 g, 147 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at 25°C under N2. After 20 hours the reaction appeared complete by TLC analysis (7% MeOH/CH2Cl2). The mixture was concentrated to remove the pyridine. The residue was dissolved in CH2Cl2 and washed with water, 10% CuSO4, NaHCO3 and brine successively. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4, and concentrated to yield 20.89 g of the crude 2,7'-bis(triethylsilyl) Taxol. A portion of crude 2',7-bis(triethylsilyl) Taxol (14.50 g, 13.4 mmol) was dissolved in dry THF (150 mL). Zirconocene chloride hydride (7.75 g, 30.2 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at 25°C under N2. After 20 hours the reaction appeared complete by TLC analysis. The mixture was poured intocold hexanes, and the resulting precipitated Zr complexes were filtered off. The solution was concentrated to yield 17 g of the crude 2,7'-bis(triethylsilyl) Taxol imine. A portion of crude 2',7-bis(triethylsilyl) Taxol imine (8.36 g) was dissolved in 1% HCl/EtOH (180 mL) and the reaction was stirred at 25°C for 20 hours. The reaction appeared complete by TLC analysis. The mixture was poured into 800 mL of water and washed with hexane (180 mL times 3). The aqueous layer was neutralized with NaHCO3 to pH=7.0. The product was extracted with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was removed and concentrated to a solid. Silica gel chromatography (5% MeOH/CH2Cl2) yielded Taxol primary amine (2.41 g, 52% overall yield based on 5 g of Taxol used). Melting point 160°C-162°C.
  A sample of Taxol primary amine (100 mg, 0.13 mmol) was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (10 mL) and HCl (15 mM in Et2O; 10 ml, 150 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at 25°C for 2 minutes. The mixture was concentrated to remove the solvents. The residue was redissolved in CH2Cl2 and precipitated in hexane. Filtration yielded 85 mg of Taxol PA (PA-primary amine) HCl (83%). Melting point 65°C. A sample of Taxol PA HCl (50 mg, 0.064 mmol) was dissolved in 0.5 ml of water. It was neutralized to pH 7.0 by addition of saturated NaHCO3, followed by extraction with CH2Cl2. The organic layer was concentrated and chromatographed (3% MeOH/CH2Cl2was used as mobile phase) to yield 30 mg of Taxol primary amine (63% yield). The 1H NMR and LRMS data agree well with a standard sample of Taxol primary amine.
  Trimethylsilyl- and trichlorethoxycarbonyl-protecting group can be used. A mixture of impure Taxol A, B, C can be converted Taxol primary amine, which then can be converted to Taxol A or docetaxel.

• Trademarks

  Taxotere (Sanofi Aventis).

• Therapeutic Function

  Antitumor

• Hazard

  A poison. Human systemic effects.

• Clinical Use

  Antineoplastic agent:
  Treatment of breast cancer, prostate cancer and non-small cell lung cancer unresponsive to alternative therapies, also gastric adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck

• Arzneimittelwechselwirkung

  Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
  Antibacterials: concentration possibly increased by clarithromycin - avoid or reduce docetaxel dose
  Antifungals: concentration possibly increased by itraconazole and voriconazole - avoid or reduce docetaxel dose.
  Antipsychotics: avoid with clozapine - increased risk of agranulocytosis.
  Antivirals: concentration possibly increased by indinavir, ritonavir and saquinavir avoid or reduce docetaxel dose.
  Ciclosporin: possibly inhibits metabolism of ciclosporin; bioavailability of docetaxel increased by ciclosporin.

• Stoffwechsel

  A study of [14C]-docetaxel has been conducted in three cancer patients. Docetaxel was eliminated in both the urine and faeces following cytochrome P450 3A4-mediated oxidative metabolism of the tert-butyl ester group, within seven days, the urinary and faecal excretion accounted for about 6% and 75% of the administered radioactivity, respectively. About 80% of the radioactivity recovered in faeces is excreted during the first 48 hours as one major inactive metabolite and 3 minor inactive metabolites and very low amounts of unchanged medicinal product.

• Lager

  Store at +4°C

• Einzelnachweise

  1) Fabbri et al. (2008), Mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis induced by docetaxel in hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells; J. Cell Physiol, 217 494 2) Dosso and Berthold (2008), Docetaxel in the management of prostate cancer: current standard of care and future directions; Expert Opin. Pharmacother, 9 1969 3) Homma et al. (2008), RPN2 gene confers docetaxel resistance in breast cancer; Nat. Med., 14 939 4) Kars et al. (2008), Reversal of Multidrug Resistance by Synthetic and Natural Compounds in Drug-Resistant MCF-7 Cell Lines; Chemotherapy, 54 194 5) Wallin et al. (2012), GDC-0941, A Novel Class I Selective PI3K Inhibitor, Enhances the Efficacy of Docetaxel in Human Breast Cancer Models by Increasing Cell Death In vitro and In vivo; Clin Cancer Res.,?18 3901 6) Heinemann et al. (2011), Synergistic effects of oncolytic reovirus and docetaxel chemotherapy in prostate cancer; BMC Cancer, 11 221

Docetaxel Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Docetaxel Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global(895)Suppliers

114977-28-5, Docetaxel Verwandte Suche: