4433-01-6

2942-59-8

4433-01-6

Example 4: 9.50 g of 2-chloronicotinic acid and 5.30 g of sodium hydroxide were dissolved in a solvent mixture of 40 mL of water and 40 mL of methanol. After the addition of 4 g of palladium/activated carbon catalyst with 5% palladium loading, the reaction mixture was stirred at 80-85°C and 0.1 MPa for 30 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. Subsequently, the filtrate was acidified to pH 1 with hydrochloric acid to precipitate the target product 2,2'-bipyridine-3,3'-dicarboxylic acid as a white solid. A final 3.5 g of product was obtained in 48% yield.