1918-16-7

Light tan solid. Corrosive to iron and steel. Used as an herbicide.

A chloroacetanilide derivative.

Hydrolyzed by strong acid and base.

Toxic by ingestion and skin absorption.

Those engaged in the manufacture, formulation and application of this preemergence herbicide which is used to combat annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in corn, soybeans, cotton, sugar cane and vegetable crops.

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, includ- ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi- cal attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous sub- stances, solid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required.

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo- sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks carbon steel. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flam- mable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur).

Propachlor is a light tan solid.

Tan powder. Mp 68C. Soluble in alcohol, benzene.

Alkaline hydrolysis would yield N-isopropylaniline. However, incineration @ 850 ? C together with flue gas scrubbing is the preferred disposal method .

Herbicide.

Selective preemergence herbicide used to control most annual grasses and some broad-leaved weeds in brassicas, corn, cotton, flax, leeks, maize, milo, onions, peas, roses, ornamental trees and shrubs, soybeans, sugarcane.

ChEBI: An anilide that consists of 2-chloroacetanilide bearing an N-isopropyl substituent.

Propachlor is commercially produced through a two-step synthesis involving acylation of N-isopropylaniline with chloroacetyl chloride. It begins by charging a reaction vessel with N-isopropylaniline and an organic solvent such as toluene. Under continuous stirring, chloroacetyl chloride is added dropwise to the mixture. The reaction is then heated to approximately 100–105 DegC and maintained under reflux for 4.5 to 6 hours to complete the acylation process. After cooling, the reaction mixture is washed with water to remove acidic byproducts, followed by phase separation and drying.

Herbicide: 217-638-2 [Annex I Index No.: 616-008-00-8] Uses: A pre-emergence herbicide used to combat annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in corn, sorghum, soybeans, cotton, sugar cane, sugar beets, vegetable crops, forage crops, pasture land and range land. Also used to control weeds in groundnuts, leeks, onions, peas, maize, roses and ornamental trees and shrubs. Not approved for use in EU countries. Not registered for use in the U.S. except California.

AATRAM®[C]; ACLID®; AI3-51503®; ALBRASS®; BEXTON®[C]; CIPA®; CP 31393®; KARTEX A®; NITICID®; RAMROD®; RAMROD® 65; SATECID®; WALLOP®[C]

Selective, systemic, effects cell formation and protein synthesis. Inhibition of VLCFA (inhibition of cell division).

Biological. In the presence of suspended natural populations from unpolluted aquatic systems, the second-order microbial transformation rate constant determined in the laboratory was reported to be 1.1 × 10–9 L/organisms-hour (Steen, 1991).
Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986) propachlor has a high potential to leach to groundwater.
Plant. In corn seedlings and excised leaves of corn, sorghum, sugarcane and barley, propachlor was metabolized to at least three water-soluble products. Two of these metabolites were identified as a γ-glutamylcysteine conjugate of propachlor and a glutathione conjugate of propachlor. It was postulated that both compounds were intermediate compounds in corn seedlings since they were not detected 3 days following treatment (Lamoureux et al., 1971).
Photolytic. When propachlor in an aqueous ethanolic solution was irradiated with UV light (λ = 290 nm) for 5 hours, 80% decomposed to the following cyclic photo-products: N-isopropyloxindole, N-isopropyl-3-hydroxyoxindole and a spiro compound. Irradiation of propachlor in an aqueous solution containing riboflavin as a sensitizer resulted in completed degradation of the parent compound. m-Hydroxypropachlor was the only compound identified in trace amounts which formed via ring hydroxylation (Rejt? et al., 1984). Hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions forming N-isopropylaniline (Sittig, 1985) which is also a product of microbial metabolism (Novick et al., 1986).
Chemical/Physical. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and chlorine when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987). Hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions forming N-isopropylaniline (Sittig, 1985) which is also a product of microbial metabolism (Novicket al., 1986). Propachlor is rapidly hydrolyzed in Water (Yu et al., 1975a). The hydrolysis half-lives at 68.0°C and pH values of 3.10 and 10.20 were calculated to be 36.6 and 1.2 days, respectively (Ellington et al., 1986).

Herbicide