Potential Exposure
Nicosulfuron is a sulfonylurea postemergence
herbicide used to control a variety of weeds on
field corn and popcorn crops. Some formulations may be
registered as United States Restricted Use Pesticides (RUP)
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts
the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from
exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions)
if breathing has stopped, and CPR if heart action
has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility.
When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical
attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting.
Do not make an unconscious person vomit. Do not
induce vomiting when formulations containing petroleum
solvents are ingested.
Shipping
UN3077 or UN3082 Environmentally hazardous
substances, liquid or solid, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 9; Labels:
9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name
Required.
Incompatibilities
Slowly hydrolyzes in water, releasing
ammonia and forming acetate salts. Decomposed ＞165℃.
Chemical Properties
White crystalline solid or powder. Phenolic
odor.
Chemical Properties
White Solid
Waste Disposal
It is the responsibility of chemical
waste generators to determine the toxicity and physical
properties and of a discarded chemical and to properly identify
its classification and certification as a hazardous waste and to
determine the disposal method. United States Environmental
Protection Agency guidelines for the classification determination
are listed in 40 CFR Parts 261.3. Additionally, waste generators
must consult and follow all regional, national, state
and local hazardous waste laws to ensure complete and accurate
classification and disposal methods.
Uses
Post-emergence sulfonylurea herbicide
Definition
ChEBI: A N-sulfonylurea that is 2-(carbamoylsulfamoyl)-N,N-dimethylpyridine-3-carboxamide substituted by a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl group at the amino nitrogen.
Production Methods
Nicosulfuron is commercially produced through a multi-step chemical synthesis that constructs its sulfonylurea structure, which is essential for its herbicidal activity. The process typically involves the reaction of a substituted pyridine derivative with sulfonyl isocyanate intermediates, followed by coupling with a urea moiety to form the final active compound. This synthesis requires precise control of temperature, solvents, and catalysts to ensure high purity and yield.
Agricultural Uses
Herbicide: Used as a post-emergence herbicide to control a
variety of weeds on field corn and popcorn crops. Some
formulations may be U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticides
(RUP). Approved for use in EU countries.
Trade name
ACCENT®; BASIS®; CELEBRITY®;
CHALLENGER®; DASUL®; DPX 79406® Herbicide
(with Rimsulfuron); DPX-V9636®; GHIBLI®; LAMA®;
MATRIX® Herbicide (with Rimsulfuron); MILAGRO®;
MISTRAL®; MOTIVEL®; NISSHIN®; SAMSON®;
STEADFAST® (nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron)
Mechanism of action
Selective, systemic absorbed by foliage and roots and translocated. Inhibits plant amino acid synthesis - acetohydroxyacid synthase AHAS
Metabolic pathway
In the four systems investigated, the primary
degradation pathway is to yield pyridine sulfonamide
and 4,6-dimethoxy-2-aminopyrimidine. The plant and its
microsomal system include the hydroxylation pathway
at the 4-position of the pyrimidine ring, resulting in
hydrolysis products by the cleavage of the sulfonylurea
linkage. In mammals, contraction or rearrangement of
the sulfonylurea linkage for nicosulfuron and N-
demethylated nicosulfuron yields two unique products
which have the N-pyridyl-N-pyrimidyl urea moiety and
result in the uracil metabolite.
