105-60-2

Raw materials And Preparation Products

Hazard Information

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

Questions And Answer

• Production of polyamide fibers and resins

  Caprolactam is the main raw material for the production of polyamide fiber and resin. Polyamide fiber, in the United States, is called nylon; in China, is called Chinlon because it was first commercialized in Jinzhou Petrochemical. Chinlon 66 is a polycondensation product of adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine. Polyamide 6 obtained from the ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam.
  At present, the master of caprolactam production technology is mainly Sinopec Baling Petrochemical Design Institute and Yueyang Petrochemical Design Institute.
  Cyclohexanone and phenol are the main raw materials for the production of caprolactam:
  Cyclohexanone is a kind of important chemical raw material with wide range of application fields. It is colorless and odorless transparent liquid with mint and acetone odor. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in ether, alcohol and other organic solvents. It is mainly used as the intermediates of caprolactam and others diacids and their salts. Because of its strong solubility, low toxicity and relatively low price, it is widely used as solvent and thinner for various paints, paints, inks and resins, polishes and thinners for leather processing, photographic and magnetic recording material and coating solvent, and so on. At the same time, it can also be used for preparation of some downstream derivatives, such as cyclohexanone-formaldehyde resin, peroxy cyclohexanone, o-methyl phenol, antioxidant 4010 and so on.
  Phenol is also called phenolic acid, is one of the simplest phenolic organic matter with weak acidity. Pure phenol is a colorless crystal which exhibits pink color in the air due to being oxidized in a small part. It is toxic, corrosive, being slightly soluble in water at room temperature, easily soluble in alcohol and other organic solvents; when the temperature is higher than 65 ℃, it is miscible with water in any proportion. Concentrated solution has strong corrosiveness on the skin. Mistakenly contact with skin can be treated through rinsing with alcohol.
  Addition of bromine water into the phenol solution will generate white precipitate immediately (2, 4, 6-Tribromophenol); being capable of having substitution reaction in the benzene ring with halogen, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, etc.; being able to have reaction with ferric chloride so that the solution is turned into a purple color; addition of bromine water into the solution will immediately generate white precipitate (2, 4, 6-Tribrominephenol); It is mainly used in the manufacture of phenolic resin, bisphenol A and caprolactam. The production of phenolic resin is its biggest use, accounting for more than half of phenol production.;

• Chemical properties

  Caprolactam is a white‚ hygroscopic‚ crystalline solid with a characteristic odor. Most caprolactam is used to make nylon 6‚ which is the starting material for fibers that have many uses in textile manufacture and in the industrial sector. Polymerization is caprolactam's most important chemical property. The ring is hydrolyzed at 260 to 270°C. Liner polymer chains are formed by polycondensation. Caprolactam also reacts directly by polyaddition with the polymer chains. These reactions lead to an equilibrium between the polymer and caprolactam that favors a 90% conversion to polymer.;

• Uses

  (1) The majority of caprolactam is used in the production of polycaprolactam, of which about 90% is used for the production of synthetic fibers, that is, Kaplon, 10% used as plastic for the manufacture of gears, bearings, pipe, medical equipment and electrical, insulating materials. Also used in coatings, plastics and for the synthesis of lysine in a small amount and so on.
  (2) Caprolactam is mainly used for the preparation of caprolactam resin, fiber and leather, also used as pharmaceutical raw materials.
  (3) It can be used as polymer solvent, for the manufacture of polyamide-based synthetic fiber and the fixing phase of gas chromatography.;

• Production method

  In 1943, the I.G. Farben AG Company, through the cyclohexanone-hydroxylamine synthesis (now referred to as the oxime), had first realized the industrial production of caprolactam. With the development of synthetic fiber industry, there have been successively toluene (ANIA), photo nitrosation (PNC), caprolactone (UCC), cyclohexane nitration and cyclohexanone nitration. The newly developed ammoxidation of cyclohexanone has attracted much attention because of its simplicity in the production of cyclohexanone oximation without the use of hydroxylamine.
  1. Oxime method: first apply the high-purity cyclohexanone and hydroxylamine sulfate for condensation reaction at 80-110 °C to generate cyclohexanone oxime. The isolated cyclohexanone oxime is converted into crude caprolactam at 80-110°C via Beckmann Rearrangement reaction using sulfuric acid as catalyst, followed by extraction, distillation and crystallization to obtain high purity caprolactam.
  The raw material cyclohexanone used in oxime method can be obtained from the hydrogenation of phenol to cyclohexanol, followed by dehydrogenation; alternatively by cyclohexane air oxidation into cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone with the separated cyclohexanol catalytic dehydrogenation generating ring Pentanone.
  2. Toluene; toluene, under the effect of the cobalt oxide catalyst, can be subject to oxidation to generate benzoic acid which with liquid hydrogenation using the palladium catalyst on the activated carbon carrier to generate hexahydrobenzoic acid, which, in fuming sulfuric acid, reacts with nitrosyl sulfuric acid to generate caprolactam. Toluene method, due to that toluene is rich in resources with low production cost, has a certain development prospects.
  3. Photo nitrosation method: cyclohexane, under the irradiation of the mercury vapor lamp can have photochemical reaction with chlorinated nitrosyl, further being direct converted into cyclohexanone oxime hydrochloride, which can be further converted into caprolactam by the Beckman rearrangement in the presence of fuming sulfuric acid.
  4. Phenol method: phenol, in the presence of nickel catalyst, is subject to hydrogenation to obtain cyclohexanol with purification and dehydrogenation to generate crude cyclohexanone. Cyclohexanone, after being purified, can react with hydroxylamine to cyclohexanone oxime, followed by Beckmann shift to generate caprolactam. The sulfuric acid in the reaction product can neutralized with ammonia to generate by-product of thiamine. Crude caprolactam can be purified by a series of chemical and physical treatments to obtain pure caprolactam.;

• Hazards & Safety Information

  Category Toxic substances:Toxic classification poisoning
  Acute toxicity Oral-Rat LD50: 1210 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 930 mg/kg
  Stimulation Data Skin-Rabbit 500 mg/24hours Mild; Eyes-Rabbit 20 mg/24hours Moderate
  Explosives and Hazardous Characteristics: Mixture with acetic acid and nitrogen trioxide can be explosive
  Flammability Hazardous characteristics: Thermal decomposition releases toxic nitrogen oxides
  Storage and transport characteristics Treasury: low temperature, ventilated and drying
  Extinguishing agent water, carbon dioxide, foam, dry powder
  Occupational Standard TWA 1 mg/m3; STEL 3 mg/m3 (Dust, Steam);

Spectrum Detail

Well-known Reagent Company Product Information

Supplier

Related Products