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Hazard Information

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

Questions And Answer

• Outline

  Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) is the strongest organic base, it is colorless, odorless. Vapor pressure is low at room temperature, it can completely decompose and vaporize at 135~145℃, high purity product has no trace residue by low temperature treatment at 140℃.
  Tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution is colorless and transparent with micro smell of ammonia, PH value of 1(wt)% solution is 12.9, it is strong alkali which has equal strength with caustic alkali. The tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain five crystal water absorbent needle-like crystals (mp, 63℃), then it continues dewatering into three crystal water of crystallization (mp, 63℃), then it turns into a crystal water of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, at 135~140℃, it can decompose into trimethylamine and dimethyl ether. ;

• Uses

  Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is organic base, it has very wide range of uses in the field of industrial research.
  Domestic tetramethylammonium hydroxide is mainly used as organic silicon products, such as the catalyst of synthesizing silicone oil, silicone rubber, silicone resin, although the amount is not big, but the yield and quality of the product is greatly affected.
  Foreign tetramethylammonium hydroxide is mainly used for polyester-based polymers, textiles, plastics, food, leather, wood processing, electroplating, and other microorganisms.
  At present, this product has came into the advanced technology areas, such as in printed circuit board manufacturing and microscopic sheets, it can be used as cleaning agent in integrated circuit and anisotropic etchant in semiconductor microfabrication technology of the Si-SiO2 interface. With the development of science and technology, the requirement of this type of chemical is increasing, the quality and quantity of tetramethylammonium hydroxide have put forward higher requirements.
  It can be used as additive of silicone rubber, methyl silicone oil and polarographic analysis reagents. In terms of organosilicone, it can be used as catalyst of dimethyl silicone oil, phenylmethyl silicone oil, a silicone oil diffusion pump, solvent-free silicone molding compound, silicone resin, silicone rubber or the like. In the analysis, it can be used as polarography agent, in the purification of the product it can be used as non-gray base to precipitate many metal elements, it can be used as silicon computer face brightener, cleaning agents and the like engraved touch in the production of organic silicon. The advantage of tetramethylammonium hydroxide as catalyst is that after the reaction when heat, it can decompose into gas and disappear, and it does not remain in the product. ;

• preparation methods

  It has many preparation methods of tetramethylammonium hydroxide, silver oxide method is commonly used, it is producted by the reaction of tetramethylammonium chloride with silver oxide. However, the preparation method of tetramethylammonium hydroxide is a complex process, the feedstock of silver oxide is expensive, and the resulting product contains higher impurity ions, such as halide ions, alkali metal ions, for the catalytic polymerization of organosilicon monomers, it has severe effect of silicone product features, and it can not meet the requirements for cleaning and corrosion in electronic fields.
  From the seventies, foreign began to use new technology of electrolytic method to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and this method gradually replaced the silver oxide method. Electrolytic method has better product quality, low cost, it not only meets the needs of the production of organic silicon, but also has entered the electronics industry.
  The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong. ;

• Process description of electrolysis

  1. Tetramethylammonium chloride as raw material
  The principle is that tetramethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution in the electrolytic cell of anode compartment under the action of the electric force, the chloride ions in solution migrate to the anode and discharge of chlorine deposited on the anode. Meanwhile, since the ion-exchange membrane selective permeability, chloride diffusion can not go through the ion-exchange membrane, only tetramethylammonium ions can select and penetrate, then come into the cathode compartment, and enriched therein. The molecules water in electrolytic cell of cathode compartment can decompose into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. The latter is exactly combined with tetramethylammonium ions from the anode chamber into tetramethylammonium hydroxide. With the increase of electricity, the concentration of tetramethylammonium hydroxide continues to improve to achieve the desired final concentration of crude.
  Anodic electrochemical reaction is:
  (CH3) 4NCl → (CH3) 4N ++ Clˉ
  2Clˉ-2e → Cl2 ↑
  Cathodic electrochemical reaction is:
  H2O → H + + OHˉ
  (CH3) 4N ++ OHˉ → (CH3) 4NOH
  2H ++ 2e → H2 ↑
  The overall reaction is: 2 (CH3) 4NCl + 2H2O → 2 (CH3) 4NOH + H2 ↑ + Cl2 ↑
  The produced hydrogen of electrolysis is vented, resulting chlorine is absorbed with lye to generate sodium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite is the main raw material of bleach. Therefore, this preparation method of tetramethylammonium hydroxide is simple, high purity, and has no environmental pollution.
  2.Tetramethyl-ammonium bicarbonate as starting material
  The theory of electrolysis is similar with tetramethylammonium chloride as raw material, but chlorine can not generate in this method, carbon dioxide and oxygen generate at the anode. Total reaction: (CH3) 4NHCO3 + H2O (CH3) 4NOH + CO2 ↑ + H2 ↑ ;

• Chemical properties

  It is colorless crystal (often with three, five crystal water, etc.), it can easily absorb moisture in the air can rapidly absorb carbon dioxide, it can decompose into methanol and trimethylamine at 130℃, it usually has 10%, 25% water (or alcohol) aqueous solution and containing crystal compound. ;

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