Хлорфенирамин малеа

Описание

Chlorpheniramine is a histamine H₁ receptor antagonist with an IC₇₅ value of 0.0016 μg/ml for reversal of histamine-induced spasms in isolated guinea pig ileum. It protects against intravenous histamine-induced death (PD₅₀ = 0.15 mg/kg) and delays induction of aerosolized histamine-induced coughing (ED_100sec = 0.44 mg/kg) in guinea pigs. Chlorpheniramine (20 mg/kg, i.p.) prevents histamine-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rabbits. It also reduces respiratory resistance and hypersecretion of tracheobronchial fluid in a dog model of histamine-induced asthma. Formulations containing chlorpheniramine have been used in the treatment of seasonal allergies.

Химические свойства

White Solid

Использование

(±)-Chlorpheniramine maleate salt has been used:

• as H1 receptor antagonist to determine the receptor function
• to block the effect of compound 48/80 on plasma IGF-I
• as a standard for fast sensing and determination by sequential injector coupled with potentiometer

Общее описание

Odorless white crystalline solid or white powder with a bitter taste. pH (2% aqueous solution) 5. pH (1% aqueous solution) 4-5.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Water soluble.

Профиль реактивности

A halogenated amine, ester. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

Пожароопасность

Flash point data for Chlorpheniramine maleate are not available; however, Chlorpheniramine maleate is probably combustible.

Профиль безопасности

Poison by ingestion, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Used as an antihistamine. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Cland NOx.