Билирубин

Описание

Bilirubin is a yellow breakdown product of heme catabolism, formed when heme is cleaved by heme oxygenase. This reaction produces carbon monoxide and biliverdin, which is rapidly reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Bilirubin has key roles as a free radical scavenger with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. Free and albumin-bound bilirubin can also scavenge nitric oxide (NO) and NO-related species. Unconjugated bilirubin is highly water-insoluble and must be conjugated with glucuronides to become water soluble and subsequently excreted by the liver and kidney.

Химические свойства

Light Orange to Deep Redish-Brown Crystalline Solid

Использование

Bilirubin is widely utilized to monitor the liver function and their disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis; or the effects of medicines which are damage the liver. It acts as a pigment in certain algae to capture light energy. Its double bonds are isomerizes in the presence of light, which is employed in phototherapy of jaundiced newborns babies. It is used to detect the blocking in bile ducts.

Определение

Red coloring matter of bile. Also occurs in blood serum as decomposition product of hemoglobin.

Общее описание

Bilirubin, a heme catabolism end-product is produced by the reduction of its metabolic precursor biliverdin by the action of enzyme biliverdin reductase.

Методы очистки

An acyclic tetrapyrrole bile pigment with impurities which can be eliminated by successive Soxhlet extraction with diethyl ether and MeOH. It crystallises from CHCl3 as deep red-brown rhombs, plates or orange-red prisms from chlorobenzene (m 330o dec) and is dried to constant weight at 80o under vacuum. [Gray et al. J Chem Soc 2264, 2276 1961, Beilstein 26 III/IV 3268.]