1,3-дигидроксиацетон

Химические свойства

white powder

Вхождение

A derivative of naturally occurring starch

Использование

1,3-Dihydroxyacetone can be used as artificial tanning agent.

Определение

ChEBI: Dihydroxyacetone is a ketotriose consisting of acetone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3. The simplest member of the class of ketoses and the parent of the class of glycerones. It has a role as a metabolite, an antifungal agent, a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It is a ketotriose and a primary alpha-hydroxy ketone.

Подготовка

1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is prepared by acetalization, oxidation, and hydrolysis of glycerol. Usually produced commercially from Bacillus macerans or Bacillus circulans fermentation of starch or starch hydrolysate

Общее описание

Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is a browning ingredient widely used in cosmetics such as sunless tanning formulations. It participates in a chemical staining reaction called Milliard reaction in which it reacts with the amino groups of proteins to result in a mixture of high molecular weight pigments.
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.

Профиль безопасности

Mutation data reported. When heated to decompositionit emits acrid smoke and irritating vapors.

Безопасность

Cells that were treated with 1,3-Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) showed dose- and time-dependent changes that included cytoplasmic budding, chromatin condensation, and cell detachment. There was a significant decrease in cell proliferation after 24 hours of DHA exposure. After exposure to a 5% DHA solution for 21 days, epidermal thickening and dermatitis of the skin were noted in laboratory animals. After 42 days of treatment with the same solution, hyperplastic and dyskeratotic changes and moderate inflammatory reactions were seen. Long-lasting topical tanning products contain the sugars DHA or erythrulose, which cause a "Maillard reaction" when contacting proteins in the outer layers of the stratum corneum and epidermis. This reaction happens when free amino acids from skin proteins combine with DHA in the stratum corneum. This combination creates the tanned appearance of skin. Results are generally seen within a few hours of application. UV light exposure is not needed to initiate this chemical reaction[1].