Соталол

Определение

ChEBI: A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is sustituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and ardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.

Всемирная организация здравоохранения(ВОЗ)

Sotalol is a non-selective?-adrenoreceptor antagonist. It should be noted that when stopping sotalol the dose should be reduced gradually.

Общее описание

Sotalol, 4＇[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl]methylsulfonanilide (Betapace), is a relatively new antiarrhythmicdrug, characterized most often as a class IIIagent, and although it has effects that are related to the classII agents, it is not therapeutically considered a class II antiarrhythmic.It contains a chiral center and is marketed as theracemic mixture. Because of its enantiomers, its mechanismof action spans two of the antiarrhythmic drug classes. Thel(-) enantiomer has both β-blocking (class II) and potassiumchannel-blocking (class III) activities. The d(+) enantiomerhas class III properties similar to those of the (-) isomer,but its affinity for the -adrenergic receptor is 30 to 60 timeslower.

Клиническое использование

The sotalol enantiomers produce different effects onthe heart. Class III action of d-sotalol in the sinus node isassociated with slowing of sinus heart rate, whereas -adrenergicblockade contributes to the decrease in heart rate observedwith 1- or d,1-sotalol. Sotalol is not metabolized, noris it bound significantly to proteins. Elimination occurs byrenal excretion, with more than 80% of the drug eliminatedunchanged. Sotalol is characteristic of class III antiarrhythmicdrugs, in that it prolongs the duration of the action potentialand, thus, increases the effective refractory period of myocardialtissue. It is distinguished from the other class III drugs(amiodarone and bretylium) because of its -adrenergicreceptor–blocking action.

Побочные эффекты

Side effects of sotalol include those attributed to both β-adrenoceptor blockade and proarrhythmic effects. This arrhythmia is a serious threat, as it may lead to ventricular fibrillation. Adverse effects attributable to its β- blocker activity include fatigue, dyspnea, chest pain, headache, nausea, and vomiting.

взаимодействия лекарств

Drugs with inherent QT interval–prolonging activity (i.e., thiazide diuretics and terfenadine) may enhance the class III effects of sotalol.

Меры предосторожности

The contraindications that apply to other β-adrenoceptor blocking agents also apply to sotalol. In addition, hypokalemia and drugs known to prolong the QT interval may be contraindicated, as they enhance the possibility of proarrhythmic events.