Тетраметилсилан

Химические свойства

Colorless clear liquid

Использование

NMR reference standard. In semiconductor applications (chemical vapor deposition). Tetramethylsilane (TMS) is used as a chemical shift reference for proton, carbon-13, and silicon-29 analysis in organic solvents and is given 0 as its chemical shift position.

Определение

ChEBI: Tetramethylsilane is an organosilicon compound that is silane in which the hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.

Общее описание

Tetramethylsilane appears as a colorless, mildly acidic volatile liquid. A serious fire hazard. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Emits acrid smoke and fumes when heated to high temperatures. Less dense than water and insoluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents. Used as an aviation fuel and as an internal standard for nmr analytical instruments.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Tetramethylsilane is insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Hydrides, such as Tetramethylsilane, are reducing agents and react rapidly and dangerously with oxygen and with other oxidizing agents, even weak ones. Thus, they are likely to ignite on contact with alcohols. Hydrides are incompatible with acids, alcohols, amines, and aldehydes.

Опасность

Flammable, high fire risk.

Угроза здоровью

May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

Пожароопасность

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Методы очистки

Distil it from conc H2SO4 (after shaking with it) or LiAlH4, through a 5ft vacuum-jacketed column packed with glass helices into an ice-cooled condenser, then percolate it through silica gel to remove traces of halide. [Beilstein 4 IV 3875.]