Диэтаноламин
- английское имяDiethanolamine
- CAS №111-42-2
- CBNumberCB5852839
- ФормулаC4H11NO2
- мольный вес105.14
- EINECS203-868-0
- номер MDLMFCD00002843
- файл Mol111-42-2.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 28 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 217 °C/150 mmHg (lit.) |
| плотность | 1.097 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| плотность пара | 3.6 (vs air) |
| давление пара | <0.98 atm ( 100 °C) |
| показатель преломления | n |
| Fp | 280 °F |
| температура хранения | 2-8°C |
| растворимость | H2O: 1 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless |
| форма | Viscous Liquid or Low Melting Solid |
| цвет | APHA: ≤15 |
| Удельный вес | 1.09 |
| РН | 11.0-12.0 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| пка | 8.88(at 25℃) |
| Запах | Mild ammoniacal; faint, fishy; characteristic. |
| Пределы взрываемости | 2.1-10.6%(V) |
| Растворимость в воде | MISCIBLE |
| Чувствительный | Hygroscopic |
| λмакс | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.04 λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.02 |
| Мерк | 14,3107 |
| БРН | 605315 |
| Пределы воздействия | TLV-TWA 3 ppm (～13 mg/m3) (ACGIH). |
| Диэлектрическая постоянная | 2.8（25℃） |
| Стабильность | Stable. Incompatible with carbon dioxide, strong acids, strong oxidizing agents. Deliquescent. |
| ИнЧИКей | ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -2.46 at 25℃ |
| Непрямые добавки, используемые в веществах, контактирующих с пищевыми продуктами | DIETHANOLAMINE |
| FDA 21 CFR | 175.105; 176.170; 176.180; 177.2800 |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 111-42-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 7-10 |
| FDA UNII | AZE05TDV2V |
| Предложение 65 Список | Diethanolamine |
| Справочник по химии NIST | Diethanolamine(111-42-2) |
| МАИР | 2B (Vol. 77, 101) 2013 |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Diethanolamine (111-42-2) |
больше
| Коды опасности | Xn | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 22-38-41-48/22 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 26-36/37/39-46 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | 3267 | |||||||||
| OEB | A | |||||||||
| OEL | TWA: 3 ppm (15 mg/m3) | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 1 | |||||||||
| RTECS | KL2975000 | |||||||||
| F | 3 | |||||||||
| Температура самовоспламенения | 689 °F | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | II | |||||||||
| кода HS | 29221200 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 111-42-2(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in rats: 12.76 g/kg (Smyth) | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H315：При попадании на кожу вызывает раздражение.
H302：Вредно при проглатывании.
H318：При попадании в глаза вызывает необратимые последствия.
H373：Может поражать органы (Нервная система) в результате многократного или продолжительного воздействия при вдыхании.
H361fd：Предполагается, что данное вещество может отрицательно повлиять на способность к деторождению. Предполагается, что данное вещество может отрицательно повлиять на неродившегося ребенка.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P202：Перед использованием ознакомиться с инструкциями по технике безопасности.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P301+P312：ПРИ ПРОГЛАТЫВАНИИ: Обратиться за медицинской помощью при плохом самочувствии.
P302+P352：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ: Промыть большим количеством воды.
P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.
P308+P313：ПРИ подозрении на возможность воздействия обратиться за медицинской помощью.
Диэтаноламин химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Diethanolamine is an organic base which has been used as an emulsifying and dispersing agent.It can also be used as a basic buffer, with optimal pH about pH 9, if titrated with HCl or other acid. Other uses include: to "scrub" gases, as a chemical intermediate, as humectant or softening agent.Химические свойства
The USP32–NF27 describes diethanolamine as a mixture of ethanolamines consisting largely of diethanolamine. At about room temperature it is a white, deliquescent solid. Above room temperature diethanolamine is a clear, viscous liquid with a mildly ammoniacal odor.
Diethanolamine is used as surface-active agent in metal-cutting fluids and oils, as a corrosion inhibitor, as a dispersant in agricultural chemical formulations, and as an intermediate in the production of other compounds such as fatty acid condensates of diethanolamine which are extensively used in soaps and cosmetics as emulsifiers, thickeners, wetting agents and detergents (Beyer et al., 1983). In the cosmetic formulations, the concentration of diethanolamine may range from 1 to 25% (National Toxicology Program, 1999a).
Использование
Diethanolamine similar to triethanolamine (T775580) is used as a surfactant. It also has the potential to be a corrosion inhibitor by means of chemisorption.Подготовка
Diethanolamine is prepared commercially by the ammonolysis of ethylene oxide. The reaction yields a mixture of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine which is separated to obtain the pure products.Методы производства
Diethanolamine is produced with monoethanolamine and triethanolamine by ammonolysis of ethylene oxide; diethanolamine is then separated by distillation (Mullins 1978). In 1984, 166.2 million pounds of diethanolamine were produced in the United States (USTIC 1985).Определение
ChEBI: A member of the class of ethanolamines that is ethanolamine having a N-hydroxyethyl substituent.Общее описание
Oily colorless liquid or solid white crystals. Slight rotten fish or ammonia odor. Denser than water.Реакции воздуха и воды
Water soluble.Профиль реактивности
2,2'-Iminodiethanol is an aminoalcohol. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. 2,2'-Iminodiethanol is hygroscopic. 2,2'-Iminodiethanol may be sensitive to exposure to air and light. 2,2'-Iminodiethanol can react with oxidizing materials, acids, CO2, copper alloys, aluminum, zinc, galvanized iron and copper.Угроза здоровью
The irritant action of diethanolamine on theeyes can be severe. Direct contact of thepure liquid can impair vision. Irritation onthe skin may be mild to moderate. Theacute oral toxicity of this compound waslow in test animals. The toxic symptomsinclude somnolence, excitement, and musclecontraction.LD50 value, oral (mice): 3300 mg/kg
The vapor pressure of diethanolamine isnegligibly low (<0.01 torr at 20°C (68°F)).At ordinary temperature, this compoundshould not cause any inhalation hazard. Themists, fumes, or vapors at high temperatures,however, can produce eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritation.
In contrast to monoethanolamine, dieth anolamine administered to mice at 1125 mg/kg/day caused no change in maternal mortality, litter size, or percentage survival of thepups (Environmental Health Research andTesting 1987).
Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating vapors are generated when heated.Химическая реактивность
Reactivity with Water : No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.Фармацевтические приложения
Diethanolamine is primarily used in pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent, such as in the preparation of emulsions with fatty acids. In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals it is used as a pH adjuster and dispersant.Diethanolamine has also been used to form the soluble salts of active compounds, such as iodinated organic acids that are used as contrast media. As a stabilizing agent, diethanolamine prevents the discoloration of aqueous formulations containing hexamethylenetetramine-1,3-dichloropropene salts.
Diethanolamine is also used in cosmetics.
Контактные аллергены
Diethanolamine is contained in many products, as a metalworking fuid. Traces may exist in other etha- nolamine-containing fuids.Профиль безопасности
Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. Mildly toxic by skin contact. A severe eye and mild skin irritant. Experimental reproductive effects. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, water, Co2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes such as NOx. See also AMINES.Возможный контакт
Diethanolamine is present in machining and grinding fluids and has been detected in workplace air in the metal manufacturing industry. It was present in bulk cutting fluids at levels ranging from 4 to 5% (Kenyon et al., 1993). Diethanolamine has also been reported to be present in wetting fluids used in road paving. A level of 0.05 mg/m3 was detected in a stationary sample at a slurry machine discharging a bitumen emulsion containing 0.2% of the amine. All personal exposures were below the detection limit (0.02 mg/m3) (Levin et al., 1994). In a German study (1992–94), diethanolamine was measured in samples of metalworking fluids in a range of 0–44% (n = 69). The number of samples with diethanolamine present steadily declined from 90% to 60% over the study period (Pfeiffer et al., 1996).Канцерогенность
When DEA was administered cutaneously to pregnant rats and rabbits during organogenesis, developmental toxicity (skeletal variations) was observed only in the rat and only at doses causing significant maternal toxicity.The 2003 ACGIH threshold limit valuetime- weighted average (TLV-TWA) is 3ppm (13mg/m3).
Метаболизм
Treatment of Wistar or Sherman rats with diethanolamine caused increases in the formation of hepatic phospholipids (Artom et al 1949). In addition, dietary administration led to incorporation of ethanolamine into hepatic phospholipids (Artom et al 1949), and repeated oral administration of diethanolamine in drinking water (one to three wk) at a dose of 320 mg/kg/d was found to reduce the level of incorporation of ethanolamine and choline into hepatic and renal phospholipids in Sprague-Dawley rats (Barbee and H?rtung 1979b).Dermal absorption of diethanolamine is suggested to occur in rats since Nnitrosodiethanolamine was excreted in the urine of male Sprague-Dawley rats which had been administered diethanolamine by dermal application and given nitrite in their drinking water (Preussman et al 1981).
хранилище
Diethanolamine is hygroscopic and light- and oxygen-sensitive; it should be stored in an airtight container, protected from light, in a cool, dry place.Перевозки
UN2491 Ethanol amine or Ethanolamine solutions, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.Методы очистки
Fractionally distil the amine twice, then fractionally crystallise it from its melt. Its solubility in H2O is 10% at 20o. [Perrin & Dempsey Buffers for pH and Metal Ion Control Chapman & Hall, London 1974, Beilstein 4 H 283, 4 II 729, 4 III 689, 4 IV 1514.]Несовместимости
Diethanolamine is a secondary amine that contains two hydroxy groups. It is capable of undergoing reactions typical of secondary amines and alcohols. The amine group usually exhibits the greater activity whenever it is possible for a reaction to take place at either the amine or a hydroxy group.Diethanolamine will react with acids, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides, and esters to form amide derivatives, and with propylene carbonate or other cyclic carbonates to give the corresponding carbonates. As a secondary amine, diethanolamine reacts with aldehydes and ketones to yield aldimines and ketimines. Diethanolamine also reacts with copper to form complex salts. Discoloration and precipitation will take place in the presence of salts of heavy metals.
Утилизация отходов
Controlled incineration; incinerator equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce nitrogen oxides emissionsРегуляторный статус
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IV infusions, ophthalmic solutions, and topical preparations). Included in medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.Диэтаноламин запасные части и сырье
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