Cephalothin
- русский язык имя
- английское имяCephalothin
- CAS №153-61-7
- CBNumberCB52130371
- ФормулаC16H16N2O6S2
- мольный вес396.44
- EINECS205-815-7
- номер MDLMFCD00242614
- файл Mol153-61-7.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 160-161 ºC |
| альфа | D20 +50° (c = 1.03 in acetonitrile) |
| Температура кипения | 757.2±60.0 °C(Predicted) |
| плотность | 1.4162 (rough estimate) |
| показатель преломления | 1.6510 (estimate) |
| температура хранения | Keep in dark place,Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| растворимость | DMSO (Sparingly), Dioxane (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
| форма | Solid |
| пка | pKa 2.5 (Uncertain) |
| цвет | White to Off-White |
| Растворимость в воде | 158 MG/L |
| λмакс | 263nm(H2O)(lit.) |
| Мерк | 14,1982 |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 153-61-7(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| FDA UNII | R72LW146E6 |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Cephalothin (153-61-7) |
| RTECS | XI0388000 |
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 153-61-7(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Токсичность | LD50 intracrebral in mouse: 81mg/kg |
рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
предупреждение
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вредная бумага
H317：При контакте с кожей может вызывать аллергическую реакцию.
H334：При вдыхании может вызывать аллергическую реакцию (астму или затрудненное дыхание).
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оператор предупредительных мер
P261：Избегать вдыхания пыли/ дыма/ газа/ тумана/ паров/ аэрозолей.
P272：Не уносить загрязненную спецодежду с места работы.
P285：В случае недостаточной вентиляции используйте средства защиты органов дыхания.
P302+P352：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ: Промыть большим количеством воды.
P304+P341：В случае пожара: Риск взрыва. Покинуть опасную зону. НЕ тушить пожар в случае распространения огня на взрывчатые вещества.
P333+P313：При возникновении раздражения или покраснения кожи обратиться за медицинской помощью.
P342+P311：При возникновении симптомов астмы или затрудненного дыхания обратиться за медицинской помощью.
P363：Перед повторным использованием выстирать загрязненную одежду.
P403：Хранить в хорошо вентилируемом месте.
Cephalothin химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Cephalothin is a semisynthetic, beta-lactam, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with bactericidal activity. Cephalothin binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs participate in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall, and in reshaping the cell wall during cell division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.Химические свойства
White SolidИспользование
A first generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a wide range antibacterial activity. It is effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and has been tested in respiratory disease and neuromuscular junction studies.Cephalothin is most effective against Gram-positive cocci and is also effective against several Gram-negative organisms. First generation cephalosporins are used primarily to treat skin and soft tissue infections caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species. Cephalothin is ineffective against enterococci and evidence of in vitro sensitivity should be discounted.
Приобретенная устойчивость
Cephalothin is relatively susceptible to β-lactamases. Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Citrobacter species have acquired resistance by chromosomal constitutively produced βlactamases that are not inhibited by clavulanic acid. Bacteroides species develop resistance to β-lactams both by plasmids and chromasomally; however Bacteroides resistance remains susceptible to clavulanic acid. P aeruginosa is resistant to first and second generation cephalosporins because of problems with cell permeability/uptake, porin channels and drug efflux. Stenotrophomonas maltophila and Aeromonas species can be resistant through effects on porin channels and drug efflux, while S aureus can also be resistant due to drug efflux.Механизм действия
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis. Bacteria eventually lyse due to ongoing activity of cell wall autolytic enzymes (autolysins and murein hydrolases) while cell wall assembly is arrested.Клиническое использование
Cephalothin is a relatively short acting first generation cephalosporin that is administered injectably. Although cephalothin is not approved for use in any animal species in the United States, the drug is used clinically in veterinary medicine. Cephalothin can cause nephrotoxicity.Побочные эффекты
Manifestations may include urticarial or maculopapular rash, bronchospasm, and drug fever. Anaphylaxis, including severe hypotension and cardiac arrest, is reported. Rare cases of renal insufficiency associated with cephalothin may be hypersensitivity-mediated since fever, eosinophilia, and rash are often also present.https://www.drugs.com
Cephalothin запасные части и сырье
Cephalothin поставщик
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