1,3-дихлор-5 ,5-диметилгидантоин

Химические свойства

DCDMH is a combustible, white powder. Chlorine-like odor.

Физические свойства

White powder or four-sided crystals from chloroform with a chlorine-like odor. Aqueous solutions are acidic.

Использование

Dantoin(R) DCDMH is an industrial bleaching agent based on dimethyl hydantoin. This product finds application wherever solid bleach is desired.

Определение

Methionine hydroxy analog c. 90%.

Общее описание

White powder with a weak chlorine odor. Conflagrates at 414°F (turns brown). Chlorine gas evolves > 410°F.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Sensitive to exposure to light, air, and moisture. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes.

Профиль реактивности

1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin reacts violently with xylene. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is incompatible with strong acids, easily oxidized materials, ammonia salts and sulfides. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin will react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. At a pH of 9, 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin decomposes completely.

Угроза здоровью

1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin powder in contact with water yields hypochlorous acid, which is an irritant of the eyes and mucous membranes.

Пожароопасность

Flash point data for 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin are not available. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is probably combustible.

Профиль безопасности

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation. A severe slun irritant. Mutation data reported. Avoid excessive contact because of effects of active chlorine on skin. Some of the hydantoins are central nervous system depressants. Mixtures with xylene may explode. Wdl react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl and NOx. See also CHLORIDES.

Возможный контакт

It is used as a chlorinating agent, disinfectant, biocide, and laundry bleach. It is also used as a polymerization catalyst in making vinyl chloride; and in drug and pesticide synthesis.

Экологическая судьба

Chemical/Physical. Reacts with water (pH 7.0) releasing hypochlorous acid. At pH 9, nitrogen chloride is formed (Windholz et al., 1983).

Перевозки

UN1479 Oxidizing solid, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer, Technical Name Required

Методы очистки

Purify it by dissolving in conc H2SO4 and diluting with ice H2O, collect the solid, dry it in a vacuum and recrystallise it from CHCl3. It sublimes at 100o in a vacuum. It exhibits time-dependent hydrolysis at pH 9. [Petterson & Grzeskowiak J Org Chem 24 1414 1959, Beilstein 24 III/IV 1100.]

Несовместимости

A strong oxidizer. Contact with water forms poisonous and corrosive gases. Mixtures with xylene may explode. Not compatible with moisture (especially hot water, steam), strong acids; easily oxidized materials (such as ammonia salts; sulfides, etc.); reducing agents; strong bases; ammonium salts; sulfides. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur)

Утилизация отходов

Incineration (815.5C/816C, 0.5 second for primary combustion; 104.4C/220F, 1.0 second for secondary combustion). The formation of elemental chlorine can be prevented by injection of steam or methane into the combustion process. Any nitrogen oxides may be abated by the use of thermal or catalytic devices