1-гексен

Химические свойства

1-Hexene, C6H12, is a colorless liquid, which is highly volatile and flammable. Hexene is a component of refinery gas and coffee aroma.

Физические свойства

Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic, sweetish odor similar to hexane or 1-pentene. An odor threshold concentration of 140 ppb_v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).

Использование

1-Hexene is used as a solvent, paint thinner and a medium for conducting chemical reactions. It is a commoner and used in the preparation of both low density and high density polyethylenes. It acts as an adhesives, lubricants, lubricant additives and sealant chemicals. Further, it is used in the preparation of hex-1-en-3-one, heptanal and heptanoic acid. It is also employed in the synthesis of linear plasticizers, oxo-alcohols, motor fuels, automotive additives and biodegradable surfactants. In addition to this, it is used in the preparation of mercaptans, flavors and fragrances, alkyl metals, halides and alkyl silanes.

Определение

ChEBI: An alkene that is hexane carrying a double bond at position 1.

Общее описание

A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum like odor. Flash point -9°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a solvent, paint thinner, and chemical reaction medium.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

1--HEXENE may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas.

Опасность

Irritant. Highly flammable, dangerous fire risk.

Угроза здоровью

Inhalation may cause giddiness or incoordination similar to that from gasoline vapor. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may induce loss of consciousness or death.

Химическая реактивность

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Экологическая судьба

Biological. Biooxidation of 1-hexene may occur yielding 5-hexen-1-ol, which may oxidize to give 5-hexenoic acid (Dugan, 1972). Washed cell suspensions of bacteria belonging to the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Xanthobacter, and Pseudomonas and growing on selected alkenes metabolized 1-hexene to 1,2-epoxyhexane (Van Ginkel et al., 1987).
Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and OH radicals in the atmosphere: 1.9 x 10^-12 cm³/molecule?sec at 300 K (Hendry and Kenley, 1979); 3.75 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule?sec at 295 K (Atkinson and Carter, 1984); 3.18 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule?sec (Atkinson, 1990). The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and ozone in the atmosphere: 1.10 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Bufalini and Altshuller, 1985); 9.0 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Cadle and Schadt, 1952); 1.40 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Cox and Penkett, 1972); 1.08 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec at 294 K (Adeniji et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water.
1-Hexene is not expected to hydroxyze in water.

Методы очистки

Purify it by stirring over Na/K alloy for at least 6hours, then fractionally distil it from sodium under nitrogen. [Beilstein 1 IV 828.]