Цефтизоксим

Описание

In ceftizoxime, the whole C-3 side chain has been omitted to prevent deactivation by hydrolysis. It rather resembles cefotaxime in its properties; however, not being subject to metabolism, its pharmacokinetic properties are much less complex.

Использование

Ceftizoxime is used for bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract, infections of the urinary tract, infections of the bones, joints, skin, soft tissues, and abdominal infections. Synonyms of this drug are ceftix and eposerin.

Определение

ChEBI: A parenteral third-generation cephalosporin, bearing a 2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino group at the 7beta-position.

Антимикробная активность

A semisynthetic cephalosporin supplied as the sodium salt. The properties are very similar to those of cefotaxime, but it lacks the acetoxymethyl group at position C-4 and is therefore not subject to deacetylation. Activity against common pathogenic bacteria (Table 13.4) is very similar to that of cefotaxime.
A 500 mg intramuscular injection achieves a plasma concentration of around 14 mg/L. A concentration of 85–90 mg/L is produced 30 min at the end of a 30-min intravenous infusion. The plasma half-life is 1.3–1.9 h. Protein binding is 30%. It is well distributed. In children with meningitis receiving 200–250 mg/kg per day in four equally divided doses for 14–21 days, mean CSF concentrations 2 h after a dose were 6.4 mg/L on day 2 and 3.6 mg/L on day 14.
About 70–90% of the dose is recovered in the urine in the first 24 h, principally by glomerular filtration. Probenecid increases the plasma half-life by about 50%. In patients receiving 1 g intravenously over 30 min, the plasma elimination half-life rose to 35 h when the corrected creatinine clearance was <10 mL/ min. It is partly removed by peritoneal and hemodialysis.
Adverse reactions and clinical use are similar to those of cefotaxime.