ДИФЕНАМИД

Химические свойства

white or off-white powder

Использование

Diphenamid is a pesticide found in representative agricultural produce (brown rice, orange, spinach and potatoes).

Общее описание

Colorless to off-white crystals. Used as an herbicide.

Профиль реактивности

DIPHENAMID is an amide. Amides/imides react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Flammable gases are formed by the reaction of organic amides/imides with strong reducing agents. Amides are very weak bases (weaker than water). Imides are less basic yet and in fact react with strong bases to form salts. That is, they can react as acids. Mixing amides with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. The combustion of these compounds generates mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx). DIPHENAMID is decomposed by strong base or acid.

Сельскохозяйственное использование

Herbicide: This material is used as a pre-emergent and selective herbicide for tomatoes, peanuts, alfalfa, soybeans, cotton and other crops. Not approved for use in the U.S. or EU countries. There are 18 global suppliers.

Торговое название

DIF 4®; DYMID®[C]; ENIDE®[C]; FDN®; FENAM®; L 34314®; LILLY 34314®; RIDEON®; U 4513®; ZARUR®

Экологическая судьба

Soil. Degradation of diphenamid in soils was reported to form desmethyldiphenamid via monodemethylation and a bidemethylated product of diphenamid (Somasundaram and Coats, 1991). The persistence of diphenamid under warm-moist soil conditions ranged from 3 to 6 months (Ashton and Monaco, 1991).
Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986), diphenamid has a high potential to leach to groundwater.
Plant. In strawberries, diphenamide was transformed via N-demethylation yielding Nmethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide (Golab et al., 1966).
Photolytic. N-Methyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide and benzoic acid were reported as major photoproducts following the UV irradiation of diphenamid in distilled water (Cessna and Muir, 1991).
Chemical/Physical. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987).