Eleutheroside E (0.003%, oral, daily, for five weeks) improves liver glucose metabolism in obese type 2 diabetes mice by upregulating glycolysis and downregulating gluconeogenesis[1].
Eleutheroside E (15-60 mg/kg, oral, once daily, three weeks) alleviates arthritis in a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model[3].
Eleutheroside E (50 mg/kg, oral, once daily, four weeks) prevents cognitive deficits caused by radiation in mice[4].
Animal Model: | db/db mice[1] |
Dosage: | Containing 0.003% of the diet; 5 weeks |
Administration: | Oral |
Result: | Improved blood lipids, significantly reduced blood sugar and serum insulin levels, induced HOMA-IR, increased insulin sensitivity, and protected pancreatic α and β cells from diabetic damage. |
Animal Model: | Collageninduced arthritis (CIA) mice[3] |
Dosage: | 15, 30, 60 mg/kg; daily; 3 weeks |
Administration: | Oral |
Result: | Reduced mean arthritis score and arthritis incidence, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, mesenchymal formation, cartilage damage and bone erosion in CIA mice, and decreased TNF-α and IL-6. |
Animal Model: | Mice irradiated with 60Co-γ rays[4] |
Dosage: | 50 mg/kg; daily; 4 weeks |
Administration: | Oral |
Result: | Improved cognitive and spatial memory impairments in irradiated mice, protected hippocampal neurons, and activated the PKA/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. |