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Isatin
Isatin, is also known as indenedione, indole quinone. Its chemical name is indol(o)-2,3-dione,it is orange-red monoclinic prism crystal at room temperature. Bitter. The molecular weight is147.13. Melting point 203.5 ℃ (Part sublimation). Dissolved in water, hot ethanol, benzene, acetone, ether-soluble. Soluble in boiling alcohol, soluble in ether and boiling water and it is reddish brown , soluble in caustic and solution is purple, it changes to yellow after placement. Its alcohol solution has a very unpleasant odor. Weakly alkaline, it can salify with a perchlorate.
Above information of is edited by Andy from ChemicalBook (2016-11-19).
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Chemical Properties
Orange-red monoclinic prism crystals. Melting point 203.5 ℃ (Part sublimation). Soluble in hot ethanol, ethyl ether-soluble, soluble in hot water, benzene, acetone, dissolved in alkali metal hydroxide oxide. The solution is purple, it turns yellow after placement, alkaline activity is extremely weak. Bitter.
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Uses
(1) The product is used as medicine and dye intermediates ,and it is used for the production of drug quinophan, dye disperse Yellow E-3G ; in chemical analysis,it is used as reagents for the determination of copper ions, mercaptans, thiophene, indoxyl-beta-glucoside.
(2) Isatin as a reference material for the preparation of indigo and Maya blue; for the preparation of phthalazinone derivatives, spirooxindole derivatives, the expression of P-glycoprotein for multi-drug resistant cells; The ketone is fused to form indole-2-one as a tubercular mycobacterial protein tyrosine phosphatase B, a potent selective inhibitor, as a powerful antimicrobial and antifungal triazole-isatine complex, And the Knoevenagel enrichment reaction; the isatin is activated by the direct sp2/sp3C-H bond, and undergoes a reaction with the cyclopentadienyl-Pd (II) catalyzes the CH addition reaction to form 3-substituted-3-hydroxy 2-oxindole.
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production method
Condensation of chloral and aniline can generate oximide-acetanilide, and then by cyclization, hydrolysis , isatin is obtained.
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Chemical Properties
orange-red powder or crystals
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Uses
Isatin is an endogenous monoamine oxidize (MAO) inhibitor involved in stress and anxiety. Additionally, isatin inhibits alkaline phosphatase (ALP), nitric oxide (NO)-stimulated soluble guanylate cyclase, and other enzymes. Isatins undergo a one-pot Wolff-Kishner like reduction with hydrazine hydrate, under surprisingly mild conditions, to give the corresponding oxindoles. It is used as chromatographic spray reagent for amino acid detection.
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Uses
manufacture of vat dyes. In analytical chemistry as a reagent for cuprous ions, mercaptans, thiophene, and indican.
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Uses
Isatin can be used as a reactant to prepare:
- Phthalazinone derivatives.
- Spirooxindole derivatives.
- Agents against multidrug-resistant cells expressing P-glycoprotein.
- Thiazolidinones spiro-fused to indolin-2-ones as potent and selective inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein tyrosine phosphatase B.
- Triazole-isatine compounds as potential antibacterial and antifungal agents.
- Biologically relevant scaffolds such as spiro[indole-thiazolidinones].
It can be a reactant for:
- Cascade reactions with heterocyclic ketene aminals.
- Knoevenagel condensation reactions.
Isatin can also be used as a chromatographic spray reagent for amino acids, and also as a reference material in the preparation of indigo and Maya Blue. It is responsible for the yellow color exhibited by the "Maya Yellow" pigment.
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Definition
ChEBI: An indoledione that is the 2,3-diketo derivative of indole.
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Synthesis Reference(s)
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 55, p. 197, 1990 DOI: 10.1021/jo00288a033
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Purification Methods
Crystallise isatin from amyl alcohol and sublime it at 180o/1mm. In aqueous NaOH the ring opens to yield sodium o-aminobenzoylformate. [Beilstein 21 II 327, 567, 21 III/IV 4981, 21/10 V 221.]
