1-Nitroanthraquinone is used in the manufacture of various dyes, pharmaceuticals and similar products, either directly or after reduction to l-aminoanthraquinone.
Hepatotoxic; moderately toxic; may cause
hepatocellular neoplasms, subcutaneous fibromas,
subcutaneous hemangiosarcomas, and type II pneumocyte proliferation.
1-Nitroanthraquinone is prepared by nitration of
anthraquinone in nitric acid (danger of explosion!)
, sulfuric acid , organic
solvents , phosphoric acid , or hydrogen
fluoride .
Purification from organic solvents by addition
of bases, such as amines , alcoholates
, or hydrazine , or from water by
addition of sodium sulfite . 1-Nitroanthraquinone
is crystallized from nitric acid ,
from organic solvents, for example, nitrobenzene
, or from amides . The resulting
1-nitroanthraquinone may be finally purified by
high-temperature distillation , .
