Kaurenoic acid is a diterpene that has been found in C. langsdorffii and has diverse biological activities, including anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is cytotoxic to 22Rv1 and LNCaP prostate, HT-29, HCT116, SW480, and SW620 colon, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 15.03 to 48.87 μg/ml. Kaurenoic acid is active against S. epidermidis, S. capitis, E. faecalis, and S. haemolyticus in vitro (MICs = 6.25-12.5 μg/ml). Kaurenoic acid (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduces colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in a rat model of acetic acid-induced colitis, as well as colonic tissue damage, leukocytic infiltration, and submucosal edema when administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg.
