Calycosin, a phytoestrogen isoflavone, may be used to promote and study its mechanisms of angiogenesis via interaction with the estrogen receptor and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Calycosin may be used to study its function and role in neuroprotection via prevention of reperfusion injury. Calycosin may be used as a calcium channel blocker. Calycosin can be used to study its role in protection of HUVECs from advanced glycation end products-induced macrophage infiltration.