실리카, 무정형, 흄

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

  H350：암을 일으킬 수 있음 (노출되어도 암을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 증거가 있는 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로 기재)

• 예방조치문구

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P302+P352：피부에 묻으면 다량의 물로 씻으시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

  P321：(…) 처치를 하시오.

  P332+P313：피부 자극이 생기면 의학적인 조치· 조언을 구하시오.

  P362：오염된 의복을 벗고 세척 후에 재사용하기

실리카, 무정형, 흄 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  Amorphous silica, the noncrystalline form of SiO2, is a transparent to gray, odorless, amorphous powder

• 용도

  Synthetic Amorphous Silica has interesting thickening and thixotropic properties, and an enormous external surface area. It is produced by a vapor phase hydrolysis process using chlorosilanes or substituted silanes such as, silicon tetrachloride in a flame of hydrogen and oxygen. This material is formed and collected in a dry state. This product contains no detectable crystalline silica.

• 생산 방법

  Colloidal silicon dioxide is prepared by the flame hydrolysis of chlorosilanes, such as silicon tetrachloride, at 18008℃ using a hydrogen–oxygen flame. Rapid cooling from the molten state during manufacture causes the product to remain amorphous.

• 일반 설명

  Fumed silica may be synthesized by high temperature hydrolysis of SiCl₄ in O₂(N₂)/H₂ flame. It is amorphous in nature and possesses very high specific area. The micro droplets of amorphous silica fuse into a branch and form a chain like agglomerate.

• Pharmaceutical Applications

  Colloidal silicon dioxide is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. Its small particle size and large specific surface area give it desirable flow characteristics that are exploited to improve the flow properties of dry powders in a number of processes such as tableting and capsule filling.
  Colloidal silicon dioxide is also used to stabilize emulsions and as a thixotropic thickening and suspending agent in gels and semisolid preparations. With other ingredients of similar refractive index, transparent gels may be formed. The degree of viscosity increase depends on the polarity of the liquid (polar liquids generally require a greater concentration of colloidal silicon dioxide than nonpolar liquids). Viscosity is largely independent of temperature. However, changes to the pH of a system may affect the viscosity1.
  In aerosols, other than those for inhalation, colloidal silicon dioxide is used to promote particulate suspension, eliminate hard settling, and minimize the clogging of spray nozzles. Colloidal silicon dioxide is also used as a tablet disintegrant and as an adsorbent dispersing agent for liquids in powders. Colloidal silicon dioxide is frequently added to suppository formulations containing lipophilic excipients to increase viscosity, prevent sedimentation during molding, and decrease the release rate. Colloidal silicon dioxide is also used as an adsorbent during the preparation of wax microspheres; as a thickening agent for topical preparations; and has been used to aid the freeze-drying of nanocapsules and nanosphere suspensions.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intratracheal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. An inhalation hazard. Much less toxic than crystalhe forms. Questionable carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Mutation data reported. Does not cause silicosis. See also other silica entries

• Safety

  Colloidal silicon dioxide is widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical products and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant excipient. However, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous injection may produce local tissue reactions and/or granulomas. Colloidal silicon dioxide should therefore not be administered parenterally.
  LD₅₀ (rat, IV): 0.015 g/kg
  LD₅₀ (rat, oral): 3.16 g/kg

• 잠재적 노출

  Amorphous fumed silica is used as a mineral, natural or synthetic fiber. A potential danger to those involved in the production and handling of fumed silica for paint pigments or catalysts. Diatomaceous earth is used in clarifying liquids, in manufacture of fire brick and heat insulators; used as a filtering agent; as a filler in construction materials; pesticides, paints, and varnishes. A potential danger to those involved in mining of diatomaceous earth or fabrication of products there from.

• 저장

  Colloidal silicon dioxide is hygroscopic but adsorbs large quantities of water without liquefying. When used in aqueous systems at a pH 0–7.5, colloidal silicon dioxide is effective in increasing the viscosity of a system. However, at a pH greater than 7.5 the viscosityincreasing properties of colloidal silicon dioxide are reduced; and at a pH greater than 10.7 this ability is lost entirely since the silicon dioxide dissolves to form silicates. Colloidal silicon dioxide powder should be stored in a well-closed container.

• Purification Methods

  Purification of silica for high technology applications uses isopiestic vapour distillation from concentrated volatile acids and is absorbed in high purity water. The impurities remain behind. Preliminary cleaning to remove surface contaminants uses dip etching in HF or a mixture of HCl, H2O2 and deionised water [Phelan & Powell Analyst 109 1299 1984].

• 비 호환성

  Silica, amorphous is a noncombustible solid. Generally unreactive chemically. Incompatible with fluorine, oxygen difluoride, chlorine trifluoride. Soluble in molten alkalis and reacts with most metallic oxides at high temperature.

• 폐기물 처리

  Sanitary landfill.

• Regulatory Status

  GRAS listed. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral capsules, suspensions, and tablets; transdermal, rectal, and vaginal preparations). Also approved by the FDA as a food additive and for food contact. Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.

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