클로랄

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H301：삼키면 유독함

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P270：이 제품을 사용할 때에는 먹거나, 마시거나 흡연하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P301+P310：삼켰다면 즉시 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.

  P302+P352：피부에 묻으면 다량의 물로 씻으시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

  P321：(…) 처치를 하시오.

  P330：입을 씻어내시오.

  P332+P313：피부 자극이 생기면 의학적인 조치· 조언을 구하시오.

  P362：오염된 의복을 벗고 세척 후에 재사용하기

  P405：밀봉하여 저장하시오.

  P501：...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.

클로랄 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  Chloral is a combustible, oily liquid with a pungent irritating odor.

• 용도

  manufacture of chloral hydrate, DDT.

• 생산 방법

  Chloral can be prepared by action of Cl2 on ethanol, chlorination of acetaldehyde, oxidation of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene in the presence of a catalyst (FeCl3, AlCl3, TiCl4 or SbCl3, and by reaction of CCl4 with formaldehyde.

• 정의

  A colorless liquid aldehyde made by chlorinating ethanal. It was used to make the insecticide DDT. It can be hydrolyzed to give 2,2,2- trichloroethanediol (chloral hydrate, CCl₃CH(OH)₂). Most compounds with two –OH groups on the same carbon atom are unstable. However, in this case the effect of the three chlorine atoms stabilizes the compound. It is used as a sedative.

• 일반 설명

  A colorless oily liquid with a penetrating odor. Reacts with water and denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Used to make pesticides.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Chloral is sensitive to exposure to moisture and light. Soluble in water. Chloral reacts with water to form chloral hydrate.

• 반응 프로필

  Chloral reacts with water to form chloral hydrate. Chloral polymerizes under the influence of light and in the presence of sulfuric acid forming a white solid trimer called metachloral.

• 위험도

  Toxic by ingestion. Probable carcinogen.

• 건강위험

  INHALATION: Sore throat, shortness of breath, drowsiness, irritation of respiratory tract, unconsciousness. EYES: Redness, pain and blurred vision. SKIN: Redness and pain. INGESTION: Dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, and unconsciousness. Acute hazard: Poison may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin.

• Safety Profile

  A poison. Mutation E data reported.

• 잠재적 노출

  Chloral is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of such pesticides as DDT, methoxychlor, DDVP, naled, trichlorfon, and TCA. Chloral is also used in the production of chloral hydrate; used as a therapeutic agent with hypnotic, sedative, and narcotic effects; used in a time prior to the introduction of barbiturates

• 운송 방법

  UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.

• Purification Methods

  Distil chloral, then dry it by distilling through a heated column of CaSO4. [Beilstein 1 H 616, 1 I 328, 1 II 467, 1 III 2663, 1 IV 3142 for anhydr, 1 IV 3143 for hydrate.]

• 비 호환성

  Chloral hydrate reacts with strong bases forming chloroform. Contact with acids, or exposure to light may cause polymerization. Reacts with water, forming chloral hydrate. Reacts with oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions.

• 폐기물 처리

  Incineration after mixing with another combustible fuel; care must be taken to assure complete combustion to prevent phosgene formation; an acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced.

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