Description
(+)-Methamphetamine (Item No. 13997) is an analytical reference material categorized as an amphetamine. It is the more physiologically active isomer of (±)-methamphetamine and is both neurotoxic and frequently abused. Methamphetamine is regulated as a Schedule II compound in the United States. This product is intended for research and forensic applications.
Chemical Properties
Off-White Solid
Originator
Desoxyn ,Abbott Laboratories
Uses
A CNS stimulant. Anorexic. In attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity.
Controlled substance (stimulant).
Definition
ChEBI: A hydrochloride having methamphetamine as the base component.
Manufacturing Process
2 Methods of prepearing of methamphetamine:
1. (-)-Ephedrin was reduced by hydrogenesation with hydrogen in the presence of Pt-C catalyst to give the (+)-N-α-dimethylphenethylamine (methamphetamine), melting point 172°-174°C.
2. Methamphetamine was obtained by the methylation of
phenylisopropylamine.
To give methamphetamine hydrochloride the base methamphetamine was
treated by eqimolar quantity of hydrochloric acid.
Therapeutic Function
Sympathomimetic, Central stimulant
General Description
Methamphetamine, (+)-1-phenyl-2-methylaminopropanehydrochloride desoxyephedrine hydrochloride (Desoxyn), isthe N-methyl analog of dextroamphetamine. It has moremarked central and less peripheral action than dextroamphetamine.It has a very high abuse potential, and by the intravenousroute, its salts are known as “speed.” The overallabuse problem presented by the drug is a national disaster.Medicinally acceptable uses of methamphetamine are analogousto those of dextroamphetamine.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Sympathomimetic with more potent central effects than amphetamine. It is transported into terminals via the monoamine transporters and induces release of dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin. Dopamine release is important for the addictive properties of methamphetamine while norepinephrine and epinephrine release are important for the cardiovascular effects. Serotonin neurotoxin.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, intravenous, and
intraperitoneal routes. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental neoplastigenic data. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of NOx and HCl. See also
BENZEDRINE and various amphetamines.
References
[1] DAVID JIROVSKY . Methamphetamine — properties and analytical methods of enantiomer determination[J]. Forensic science international, 1998, 96 1: Pages 61-70. DOI:
10.1016/s0379-0738(98)00104-2[2] SHAOBIN YU. Recent advances in methamphetamine neurotoxicity mechanisms and its molecular pathophysiology.[J]. Behavioural Neurology, 2015, 2015: 103969. DOI:
10.1155/2015/103969[3] RICHARD B ROTHMAN. In vitro characterization of ephedrine-related stereoisomers at biogenic amine transporters and the receptorome reveals selective actions as norepinephrine transporter substrates.[J]. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2003, 307 1: 138-145. DOI:
10.1124/jpet.103.053975[4] JUSTIN K ICHIDA. A small-molecule inhibitor of tgf-Beta signaling replaces sox2 in reprogramming by inducing nanog.[J]. Cell stem cell, 2009, 5 5: 491-503. DOI:
10.1016/j.stem.2009.09.012
