Chemical Properties
N-Nitrosodiethylamine is a yellow liquid.
Uses
N,N-diethylnitrous Amide is a useful research reagent for organic synthesis.
Uses
Gasoline and lubricant additive; antioxidant; stabilizer in plastics.
Uses
N-Nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) is a widely occurring nitrosamine that is one of the most important environmental carcinogens primarily inducing tumors of liver.
Definition
ChEBI: A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.
General Description
Clear slightly yellow liquid. Boiling point 175-177°C. Can reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. Used as a gasoline and lubricant additive and as an antioxidant and stabilizer in plastics.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble.
Reactivity Profile
N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE reacts with strong oxidizing agents. Incompatible with reducing agents. Can be hydrolyzed by hydrogen bromide in acetic acid .
Hazard
Possible carcinogen; mutagen; neoplastigen; tumorigen; poison; teratogen.
Health Hazard
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides.
Health Hazard
The acute toxicity of diethylnitrosamine is classified as moderate. Other
nitrosamines of higher molecular weight are somewhat less toxic. Harmful exposure
to nitrosamines can occur by inhalation and ingestion and may cause nausea,
vomiting, and fever. This substance does not have adequate warning properties.
Chronic exposure to nitrosamines can cause severe liver damage. Diethylnitrosamine
is listed in IARC Group 2A ("probable human carcinogen") and is classified as an
OSHA "select carcinogen." Nitrosamines are suspected of causing cancers of the
lung, nasal sinuses, brain, esophagus, stomach, liver, bladder, and kidney.
Diethylnitrosamine is mutagenic and teratogenic.
Fire Hazard
Volatilization during combustion produces hazardous vapors. Combustion products
contain nitrogen oxides.
Fire Hazard
N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE is combustible.
Flammability and Explosibility
Volatilization during combustion produces hazardous vapors. Combustion products contain nitrogen oxides.
Biochem/physiol Actions
N-Nitrosodiethylamine (NDMA) is carcinogenic in all animal species tested. The main target organs are the nasal cavity, trachea, lung, esophagus and liver. NDMA is acted upon by the cytochrome P450 system resulting in the formation of carcinogenic methyldiazonium ion. However microbes like Pseudomonas metabolize NDMA into N-nitromethylamine (NTMA) and formaldehyde.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
neoplastigenic, and tumorigenic data. Poison
by ingestion, intravenous, intraperitoneal,
and subcutaneous routes. An experimental
teratogen. Other experimental reproductive
effects. Human mutation data reported. A
transplacental carcinogen. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also N-NITROSO COMPOUNDS and
AMINES.
Potential Exposure
An additive in gasoline and lubricants;
an antioxidant and stabilizer in plastics. Used in research.
Incompatibilities: Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Contact with reducing
agents may form hydrazine; hydrogen bromide. Light sensitive;
rapidly decomposes.
Carcinogenicity
N-Nitrosodiethylamine is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
storage
work with diethylnitrosamine should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation, and appropriate impermeable gloves and splash goggles should be worn at all times to prevent skin and eye contact.
Shipping
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous
substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 9; Labels:
9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name
Required.
Incompatibilities
An additive in gasoline and lubricants;
an antioxidant and stabilizer in plastics. Used in research.
Incompatibilities: Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Contact with reducing
agents may form hydrazine; hydrogen bromide. Light sensitive;
rapidly decomposes.
Waste Disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Under 40 CFR 261.5 small quantity generators of this
waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous
waste regulations.
