Oral thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Taltirelin is a pituitary hormone release stimulant,it is successfully developed by the Japanese Mitsubishi Tanabe Seiyaku Co. Ltd. ,its trade name is Taltirelin, it belongs to 3.1 class of new drugs of chemical drugs , currently it is used in clinical for improvement in patients with spinocerebellar degeneration,it is the most effective movement disorders drug.
Taltirelin is the world's first approved oral thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), in addition to having endocrine effects, it can also have effect on certain central nervous system (CNS) , including increasing locomotor activity, antagonistic reserpine-induced hypothermia, and antagonism of pentobarbital-induced sleep. The specie is developed by the Japanese Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation in September 2000 for the first time in Japan, it is used to improve the ataxia in the patient's with spinocerebellar degeneration . Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) formerly known as autosomal dominant ataxia, are a group of chronic degenerative diseases of the central nervous system with ataxia, dysmetria as the main clinical manifestations. In September 2000, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)injection is the only drug for the treatment of such diseases. Taltirelin is the structural modification transform drug of TRH , pharmacological studies show that the product has strong and lasting multiple effects on CNS through brain TRH receptors . The excitatory effect of the product on CNS is 10 to 100 times stronger than TRH , the duration of action is about 8 times longer than TRH. The receptor affinity of the product is about 1/11 of TRH , and thus the endocrine effect of this product is weaker than TRH, but this product is more stable in vivo than TRH. In addition, the thyrotropin (TSH) release effect of the product is 1/6-1/11 of TRH , TSH release is regulated by a strong negative feedback system including thyroid hormone , it has a strong effect on the central nervous system, but while its hormone-like effect is small, and therefore it has fewer side effects. The main side effects are digestive reactions include vomiting, nausea and stomach discomfort. All adverse events are mild to moderate, they disappear during and (or) after treatment.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Tian Ye.
Description
Taltirelin was marketed in Japan for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, in
particular the improvement of ataxia due to spino-cerebellar degeneration (SCD); it is the
first orally-active drug in this indication. This synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
analog is prepared by condensation of (S)-1-methyl-4,5-dihydroorotic acid with L-histidyl-Lprolinamide.
It was shown that the S-configuration for all 3 chiral centers is crucial for CNS activity. Taltirelin is a potent agonist of the TRH receptors that shows significant effects on
the cerebral monoamine systems when administered i.p. in rats. As TRH at 10-fold higher
doses, taltirelin has been found to increase the extracellular levels of dopamine and its
metabolites (DOPAC and HVA) as well as precursors and/or metabolites of noradrenaline
and serotonin in different areas of the rat brain. Taltirelin produced an anti-ataxic activity in
the Rolling mouse Nagoya, an ataxic mutant mouse. In several clinical studies performed
in patients suffering from various forms of SCD, taltirelin demonstrated a statistically
significant increase in the global improvement of ataxic symptoms and other neurologic abnormalities.
Definition
ChEBI: Taltirelin is an oligopeptide comprising of (4S)-1-methyl-2,6-dioxohexahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, L-histidine and L-prolinamide joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analog. Its tetrahydrate form is approved in Japan for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy. It has a role as a nootropic agent, a neuroprotective agent and an analgesic.
