Description
It has been well known as desirable antibiotics, which shows an obvious curative effect on serious infections caused by gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coil, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pneumonia, Enterobacter aerogenes and Shigella. Clinically, this substance is mainly used for infections caused by sensitive bacteria including pulmonary infection, urinary tract infection, biliary tract infection, sepsis, and abdominal cavity infection. For example, the effective antibacterial activity of kanamycin sulfate has been demonstrated by the treatment of acute gonorrheal urethritis in men, showing that a single parenterally administered dose of 2 mg of kanamycin sulfate cured 144 (93%) of 155 men with acute gonorrheal urethritis.
1 Moreover, kanamycin sulfate was found to be a valuable drug in the treatment of serious infections in infants and children through an analysis of 140 cases treated during a two-year period.
2
Reference
- JE Fischnaller; AH Pedersen; AR Ronald; P Bonin; Tronca, E., Kanamycin sulfate in the treatment of acute gonorrheal urethritis in men. The Journal of the American Medical Association 1968, 203, 909-912.
- MD Yow; Tengg, N., The use of kanamycin sulfate as a therapeutic agent for infants and children. An analysis of 140 cases treated during a two-year period. Journal of Pediatrics 1961, 58, 538-547.
Description
Kanamycin was found by Umezawa et al. in the culture broth of Streptomyces kanamyceticus in 1957. It is produced with other components, kanamycins B (bekanamycin) and C, which are also separated during the purification. The compound shows much lower toxicity than the earlier aminoglycosides, streptomycin and neomycin, and strong activity against a wide range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Mycobacterium. Kanamycin has been used clinically for treatment of such serious infections as dysentery, salmonellosis, and tuberculosis.
Chemical Properties
Off-white powder
Originator
Kantrex,Bristol,US,1958
Uses
Kanamycin sulfate is an antibacterial agent similar to neomycin.
Uses
Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus Okami & Umezawa from Japanese soil. Comprised of three components, kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, two minor congeners. Antibacterial.
Uses
Kanamycin monosulfate, is used as an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Kanamycin can be used as a selection agent in several types of isolation media.Kanamycin sulfate from Streptomyces kanamyceticus has been used in tissue culture media. Kanamycin sulfate can also be used as a selection agent for cells transformed with kanamycin B resistance gene. It is recommended for use in cell culture applications at 100mg/mL.
Definition
A broadspectrum antibiotic.
Manufacturing Process
As described in US Patent 2,931,798, Streptomyces kanamyceticus (K2-J) was
first cultured in shake flasks in the following media: (a) 0.75% meat extract,
0.75% peptone, 0.3% NaCl, with 1.0% of starch, dextrin, maltose, glucose,
lactose, sucrose or glycerol; or (b) 2.0% soybean meal, 0.05% KCl, 0.05%
MgSO4 · 7H2O, 0.5% NaCl, 0.2% NaNO3, with 1.0% of starch, dextrin,
maltose, glucose, lactose, sucrose or glycerol. The initial pH of all media was
adjusted to 7.0. After 24 to 48 hours shaking in some cases the pH decreased
to about 6.0 to 6.8, but from 72 to 120 hours the pH rose and became 7.5 to
8.6. The production of kanamycin was apparent after 48 hours and, depending
on the media; the maximum production was found after 72 to 120 hours.
The yield was highest with starch or dextrin, intermediate and about the same
with sucrose, glucose, maltose and lactose and poorest with glycerol.
Kanamycin was produced by media containing soybean meal, peanut meal,
cottonseed meal, corn steep liquor, peptone, yeast extract or meat extract,
with or without sodium nitrate. Commercially available soybean meal was
recognized to be one of the best nitrogen sources. The addition of corn steep
liquor, peptone, yeast extract or nitrate to the soybean meal promoted the
production of kanamycin.
The brownish white kanamycin (5 g) was dissolved in 50 ml of 60% aqueous
methanol, insoluble material was removed and to the filtrate 40 ml of 60%
aqueous methanol containing 2,000 mg of ammonium sulfate was added, and
the precipitated kanamycin sulfate was collected, washed with 50 ml of 80%
aqueous methanol, and dried. Thus, 4.5 g of kanamycin sulfate was obtained
as a light brownish powder.
brand name
Klebcil (King).
Therapeutic Function
Antibacterial
General Description
Kanamycin sulfate is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside-antibiotic derived from
Streptomyces kanamyceticus. It is used as an additive in culture media for the isolation of group D streptococci on Kanamycin Esculin Azide Agar and for selection of transformed plant cells containing the neomycin phosphotransferase on a kanamycin-medium. Kanamycin sulfate can also be used as a selection agent for cells transformed with kanamycin B resistance gene. It is recommended for use in cell culture applications at 2 mL/L.
Biological Activity
soluble in water at 50mg/ml recommend our ultra pure, nuclease free water, ab02123 typically used at 100mg/ml for cell culture protect from moisture store: 2-8°c.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Mode of Action: The product acts by binding to the 70S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting translocation and eliciting miscoding. Mode of Resistance:Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (including acetyltransferase, phosphotransferase, nucleotidyltransferase) can alter this antibiotic, preventing its interaction with ribosomes.Antimicrobial spectrum: Kanamycin sulfate is effective against gram-negative and gram-postiive bacteria, and mycoplasma.
