1-Hexene

Description

Hexene is a colorless liquid. Molecu larweight= 84.14;Boiling point= 63-65℃;Freezing/Melting point=一140℃; Flash point= - 7℃; Autoignitiontemperature = 253℃. Explosive Limits:LEL= 1.2%;UEL= 6.9%. Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704 MRating System): Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivity 0.Insoluble in water.

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Chemical Properties

1-Hexene, C6H12, is a colorless liquid, which is highly volatile and flammable. Hexene is a component of refinery gas and coffee aroma.

Physical properties

Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic, sweetish odor similar to hexane or 1-pentene. An odor threshold concentration of 140 ppb_v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).

Uses

1-Hexene is used as a solvent, paint thinner and a medium for conducting chemical reactions. It is a commoner and used in the preparation of both low density and high density polyethylenes. It acts as an adhesives, lubricants, lubricant additives and sealant chemicals. Further, it is used in the preparation of hex-1-en-3-one, heptanal and heptanoic acid. It is also employed in the synthesis of linear plasticizers, oxo-alcohols, motor fuels, automotive additives and biodegradable surfactants. In addition to this, it is used in the preparation of mercaptans, flavors and fragrances, alkyl metals, halides and alkyl silanes.

Uses

1-Hexene is primarily used in the synthesis of poly(1-hexene) and a variety of polyethylene copolymers.

Uses

Definition

ChEBI: An alkene that is hexane carrying a double bond at position 1.

General Description

A clear colorless liquid with a petroleum like odor. Flash point -9°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air. Used as a solvent, paint thinner, and chemical reaction medium.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

1--HEXENE may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas.

Hazard

Irritant. Highly flammable, dangerous fire risk.

Health Hazard

Inhalation may cause giddiness or incoordination similar to that from gasoline vapor. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations may induce loss of consciousness or death.

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Potential Exposure

Those involved in its use in organicsynthesis. .Used in fuels，and to make flavors,perfumes,dyes, and plastic resins.

First aid

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek med-ical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled,remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, includ-ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi-cal attention. Give large quantities of water and inducevomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.

Source

California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained 1-hexene at a concentration of 770 mg/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without catalytic converters were 430 and 18,400 μg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).
According to Chevron Phillips Company’s (2005) product literature, the maximum concentration present in 99.7% tert-butyl mercaptan is 0.05 wt %.

Environmental Fate

Biological. Biooxidation of 1-hexene may occur yielding 5-hexen-1-ol, which may oxidize to give 5-hexenoic acid (Dugan, 1972). Washed cell suspensions of bacteria belonging to the genera Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Xanthobacter, and Pseudomonas and growing on selected alkenes metabolized 1-hexene to 1,2-epoxyhexane (Van Ginkel et al., 1987).
Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and OH radicals in the atmosphere: 1.9 x 10^-12 cm³/molecule?sec at 300 K (Hendry and Kenley, 1979); 3.75 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule?sec at 295 K (Atkinson and Carter, 1984); 3.18 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule?sec (Atkinson, 1990). The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-hexene and ozone in the atmosphere: 1.10 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Bufalini and Altshuller, 1985); 9.0 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Cadle and Schadt, 1952); 1.40 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec (Cox and Penkett, 1972); 1.08 x 10^-17 cm³/molecule?sec at 294 K (Adeniji et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water.
1-Hexene is not expected to hydroxyze in water.

storage

Color Code- -Red: Flammability Hazard: Store ina flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet awayfrom ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials.Prior to working with hexene you should be trained on itsproper handling and storage. Before entering confined spacewhere hexene may be present, check to make sure that anexplosive concentration does not exist. Store in tightlyclosed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away fromoxidizers and strong acids. Metal containers involving thetransfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded.Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums orother storage containers to process containers. Drums mustbe equipped with self-closing valves， pressure vacuumbungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools andequipment, especially when opening and closing containersof this chemical. Sources of ignition, such as smoking andopen flames, are prohibited where this chemical is used,handled, or stored in a manner that could create a potentialfire or explosion hazard. Wherever this chemical is used,handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof elec-trical equipment and fittings.

Shipping

This compound requiresa shipping label of“FL .AMMABLE LIQUID." It falls in Hazard Class 3;andPacking Group II.

Purification Methods

Purify it by stirring over Na/K alloy for at least 6hours, then fractionally distil it from sodium under nitrogen. [Beilstein 1 IV 828.]

Incompatibilities

Formsexplosivemixturewithair.Violent reaction with oxidizers, strong acids.