Originator
Duranest,Astra,US,1976
Uses
Etidocaine Hydrochloride is a local anesthetic amide used during surgical procedures and during labor in pregnancies.
Definition
ChEBI: Etidocaine hydrochloride is an amino acid amide.
Manufacturing Process
α-(n-Propylamino)-n-butyro-2,6-xylidide(0.243 mol) and freshly distilled
diethyl sulfate (1.6 mols were mixed in a flask equipped with reflux condenser,
drying tube and stirrer. The mixture was stirred for 5 hours at 90°C. After
cooling, water (110 ml) was added with stirring for 15 minutes followed by 4M
HCl (110 ml). The solution was washed with ether (3 X 100 ml) and made
alkaline with 7M NaOH to pH 10-11. The freed base was taken up in ether (3
X 100 ml); the extracts were dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and
evaporated. The residue was dissolved in absolute ether (200 ml) and the
hydrochloride prepared by addition of ethereal hydrogen chloride. The
precipitate was filtered, washed with ether, and recrystallized twice from
absolute ethanol/ether and from isopropanol/isopropylether; MP 203°C to
203.5°C; yield: 0.126 mol (52%).
The starting material is prepared by reacting 2-bromobutyric acid with sulfonyl
chloride to give the acid chloride. It is then reacted with 2,6-xylidine, then
with potassium iodide followed by n-propylamine.
Therapeutic Function
Local anesthetic
Biological Functions
Etidocaine hydrochloride (Duranest), although
chemically similar to lidocaine, has a more prolonged action. It is used for regional blocks, including epidural
anesthesia. It exhibits a preference for motor rather
than sensory block; therefore, its use in obstetrics is limited,
although fetal drug concentrations remain low. It
can be used with or without epinephrine.
