Gemcitabine hydrochloride

Bezeichnung:Gemcitabine hydrochloride

CAS-Nr122111-03-9

Englisch Name:Gemcitabine hydrochloride

CBNumberCB7232767

SummenformelC9H12ClF2N3O4

Molgewicht299.66

MOL-Datei122111-03-9.mol

Gemcitabine hydrochloride physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	>250°C dec.
alpha	D +48°; 365 +257.9° (c = 1.0 in deuterated water)
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	H2O: ≥10mg/mL
Aggregatzustand	White powder
Farbe	White
maximale Wellenlänge (λmax)	268nm(H2O)(lit.)
Merck	14,4386
Stabilität	Stable for 1 year from date of purchase as supplied. Solutions in DMSO or distilled water may be stored at -20° for up to 1 month.
CAS Datenbank	122111-03-9(CAS DataBase Reference)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	Xn,Xi
R-Sätze:	21-36/38-46-62-63
S-Sätze:	25-26-36/37-53
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	HA3840000
HS Code	29420000

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Gemcitabine hydrochloride Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R21:Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R46:Kann vererbbare Schäden verursachen.
R62:Kann möglicherweise die Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen.
R63:Kann das Kind im Mutterleib möglicherweise schädigen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S25:Berührung mit den Augen vermeiden.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S53:Exposition vermeiden - vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.
Beschreibung
Gemcitabine is a novel nucleoside analog that was launched in 1995 in the Netherlands for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (nsclc) and in Sweden for pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine is a prodrug which is phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytadine kinase to its active forms, the di- and triphosphates which bind to DNA competitively. This insertion inhibits processes required for DNA synthesis and metabolism, the essential function for both cell replication and repair. Furthermore, gemcitabine displays an extraordinary array of self-potentiating mechanisms that increase the concentration and prolong the retention of its active nucleotides in tumor cells. The title compound has shown activity against a wide spectrum of human solid tumors including colon, mammary, breast, bladder cancers. Synergistic activity of gemcitabine with other anticancer agents such as cisplatin has been reported.
Chemische Eigenschaften
White crystalline granular, odorless
Originator
Lilly (U.S.A.)
Verwenden
An antineoplastic.
Definition
ChEBI: A 2'-deoxycytidine hydrochloriode having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine hydrochloride is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, including non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic ca cer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.
Trademarks
Gemzar (Lilly).
Biologische Aktivität
Deoxycytidine analog that inhibits DNA synthesis. Metabolized to form gemcitabine triphosphate (dFdCTP) and gemcitabine diphosphate (dFdCDP). dFdCTD inhibits ribonucleotide reductase causing a reduction in cellular nucleotides. dFdCTP is incorporated in DNA resulting in DNA strand termination. Displays antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo .
Biochem/physiol Actions
Gemcitabine is a widely used antitumor agents in both clinics and research labs. It is an antineoplastic agent and antimetabolite.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Very limited clinical use and research performed with this drug to date have demonstrated limited clinical efficacy. However, it potentially may be useful as a radiosensitizer for non-resectable tumors, as part of combination protocols, or as a single agent for tumors not amenable to more accepted therapies. Follow research reports for the most up-to-date information.
In humans, gemcitabine has shown some efficacy in treating pancreatic carcinoma, small-cell lung carcinoma, lymphoma, bladder and other soft tissue carcinomas.
Lager
+4°C
Einzelnachweise
1) Mini et al. (2006), Cellular Pharmacology of Gemcitabine; Ann. Oncol. 17 v7 2) Heinemann et al. (1995), Gemcitabine: a modulator of intracellular nucleotide and deoxynucleotide metabolism; Semin. Oncol. 22 11 3) Heinemann et al. (1992), Cellular elimination of 2′,2′-difluorodeoxycytidine 5’triphosphate: a mechanism of self-potentiation; Cancer Res. 52 533 4) Pourquier et al. (2002), Gemcitabine (2′,2′-difluoro-2′-deoxycytidine), an antimetabolite that poisons topoisomerase I; Clin.Cancer Res. 8 2499

Gemcitabine hydrochloride Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Gemcitabine hydrochloride Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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