Nonan

Bezeichnung:Nonan

CAS-Nr111-84-2

Englisch Name:N-NONANE

CBNumberCB6392378

SummenformelC9H20

Molgewicht128.26

MOL-Datei111-84-2.mol

Synonyma

Nonan

n-Nonan

2,2,5-Trimethylhexan

Nonan physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-53 °C
Siedepunkt	151 °C(lit.)
Dichte	0.72 g/mL at 20 °C
Dampfdichte	4.41 (vs air)
Dampfdruck	0.18 psi ( 37.7 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.407
Flammpunkt	88 °F
storage temp.	Store below +30°C.
Löslichkeit	In methanol, g/L: 84 at 5 °C, 95 at 10 °C, 105 at 15 °C, 116 at 20 °C, 129 at 25 °C, 142 at 30 °C, 155 at 35 °C, 170 at 40 °C (Kiser et al., 1961). Miscible with many aliphatic hydrocarbons.
pka	>14 (Schwarzenbach et al., 1993)
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
Wichte	0.72 (20/4℃)
Farbe	Clear colorless
Geruch (Odor)	gasoline
Odor Threshold	2.2ppm
Explosionsgrenze	0.7-5.6%(V)
Wasserlöslichkeit	Miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform and hydrogen peroxide. Immiscible with water.
BRN	1696917
Henry's Law Constant	2.32 at 25 °C (J?nsson et al., 1982)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	NIOSH REL: TWA 200 ppm (1,050 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: TWA 200 ppm (adopted).
Dielectric constant	2.0（20℃）
Stabilität	Stable. Highly flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
LogP	5.293 (est)
CAS Datenbank	111-84-2(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA chemische Informationen	Nonane (111-84-2)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	Xn
R-Sätze:	10-67-65-53-20-36-36/38
S-Sätze:	62-24/25-23-26
RIDADR	UN 1920 3/PG 3
OEB	A
OEL	TWA: 200 ppm (1050 mg/m3)
WGK Germany	3
RTECS-Nr.	RA6115000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	401 °F
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	2901 10 00
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	III
Giftige Stoffe Daten	111-84-2(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LC50 (inhalation) for rats 3,200 ppm/4-h (quoted, RTECS, 1985).

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

N-NONANE Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 200 ppm (als TWA); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Verschlucken kann zur Aufnahme in der Lunge führen; Gefahr der Aspirationspneumonie. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Exposition gegenüber Dampf kann Bewusstseinstrübung verursachen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Reste mit dry Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. (Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, A-Filter für organische Dämpfe).
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R65:Gesundheitsschädlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungenschäden verursachen.
R53:Kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R20:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
Chemische Eigenschaften
Nonane is a colorless liquid.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless liquid
Chemische Eigenschaften
n-Nonane, C9H20, is a colorless, highly flammable liquid. Nonane is a constituent in the paraffin fraction of crude oil and natural gas. It is released to the environment via the manufacture, use, and disposal of many products associated with the petroleum and gasoline industries.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a gasoline-like odor. An odor threshold concentration of 2.2 ppm_v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
Verwenden
Solvent; organic synthesis; distillation chaser; major ingredient of such petroleum fractions as VM&P naphtha, 140 flash, Stoddard solvent, and gasoline
Verwenden
Nonane is used in organic synthesis, as a solvent, as a distillation chaser and as a fuel additive. It is also used in biodegradable detergent. It is an active ingredient of such petroleum fractions as varnish makers and painter naphtha, 140 flash, stoddard solvents and in gasoline.
Verwenden
Organic synthesis, biodegradable detergents, distillation chaser.
Definition
ChEBI: A straight chain alkane composed of 9 carbon atoms.
Synthesis Reference(s)
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 95, p. 6452, 1973 DOI: 10.1021/ja00800a052
The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 44, p. 2705, 1979 DOI: 10.1021/jo01329a023
Tetrahedron Letters, 32, p. 1691, 1991 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)74305-X
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a sharp odor. Flash point 86°F. Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Contact may irritate eyes and possibly injury the cornea. May irritate skin. Vapor inhalation may cause irritation. Prolonged inhalation may lead to breathing difficulty. Ingestion causes abdominal discomfort, nausea and diarrhea.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
NONANE is incompatible with oxidizing materials. N-NONANE is also incompatible with oxygen. .
Hazard
Flammable, moderate fire risk. Irritant, narcotic in high concentration. Central nervous system impairment.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of concentrated vapor causes depression, irritation of respiratory tract, and pulmonary edema. Liquid can irritate eyes and (on prolonged contact) skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Aspiration causes severe lung irritation, rapidly developing pulmonary edema, and central nervous system excitement followed by depression.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Irritating to respiratory tract. Narcotic in high concentrations. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Emitted from modern building materials (CENEAR 69,22,91). To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
mögliche Exposition
Nonane is used in the synthesis of biodegradable detergents as a distillation chaser; an ingredient in Stoddard solvent and gasoline.
Source
Schauer et al. (1999) reported nonane in a diesel-powered medium-duty truck exhaust at an emission rate of 160 μg/km.
Identified as one of 140 volatile constituents in used soybean oils collected from a processing plant that fried various beef, chicken, and veal products (Takeoka et al., 1996).
Schauer et al. (2001) measured organic compound emission rates for volatile organic compounds, gas-phase semi-volatile organic compounds, and particle-phase organic compounds from the residential (fireplace) combustion of pine, oak, and eucalyptus. The gas-phase emission rate of nonane was 3.9 mg/kg of pine burned. Emission rates of nonane were not measured during the combustion of oak and eucalyptus.
California Phase II reformulated gasoline contained nonane at a concentration of 2.08 g/kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission rates from gasoline-powered automobiles with and without catalytic converters were 0.43 and 45.3 mg/km, respectively (Schauer et al., 2002).
Environmental Fate
Biological. Nonane may biodegrade in two ways. This first is the formation of nonyl hydroperoxide, which decomposes to 1-nonanol followed by oxidation to nonanoic acid. The other pathway involves dehydrogenation to 1-nonene, which may react with water giving 1-nonanol (Dugan, 1972). Microorganisms can oxidize alkanes under aerobic conditions. The most common degradative pathway involves the oxidation of the terminal methyl group forming 1-nonanol. The alcohol may undergo a series of dehydrogenation steps forming nonanal then a fatty acid (nonanoic acid). The fatty acid may then be metabolized by β-oxidation to form the mineralization products, carbon dioxide, and water (Singer and Finnerty, 1984).
Photolytic. Atkinson reported a photooxidation rate constant of 1.02 x 10^-11 cm³/molecule?sec for the reaction of nonane and OH radicals in the atmosphere. Photooxidation reaction rate constants of 1.0 x 10^-11 and 2.30 x 10^-16 cm³/molecule?sec were reported for the reaction of nonane with OH and NO3, respectively (Sablji? and Güsten, 1990).
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water.
Versand/Shipping
UN1920 Nonanes, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
läuterung methode
Fractionally distil n-nonane, then stir it with successive volumes of conc H2SO4 for 12hours each until no further coloration is observed in the acid layer. Then wash it with water, dry with MgSO4 and fractionally distil it. Alternatively, it is purified by azeotropic distillation with 2-ethoxyethanol, followed by washing out the alcohol with water, drying and distilling it. [Forziati et al. J Res Nat Bur Stand 36 129 1946, Beilstein 1 IV 447.]
Inkompatibilitäten
Nonane forms explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.

N-NONANE Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Nonan Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

111-84-2, N-NONANE Verwandte Suche:

Send Inquriy