2-((2,3-Dimethylphenyl)amino)-benzoesäure

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H302：Gesundheitsschädlich bei Verschlucken.

Mefenamic acid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
  R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
  R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
  S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  white or light yellow crystalline powder, odorless, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, chloroform, slightly soluble in ether. Melting point 230-231°C, mefenamic acid is an anti-inflammatory analgesic with antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Originator

  Ponstan,Parke Davis,UK,1963

• Verwenden

  Mefenamic acid is used for the same indications as flufenamic acid. Synonyms for this drug are parkemed, ponstan, ponstel, and others.

• Verwenden

  For the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, dysmenorrhea, and mild to moderate pain, inflammation, and fever.

• Indications

  Mefenamic acid (Ponstel) is indicated only for analgesia and primary dysmenorrhea when therapy will not exceed 1 week.

• Definition

  ChEBI: An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to b minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Manufacturing Process

  A mixture of 800 g of potassium o-bromo-benzoate, 1,500 ml of bis-(2- methoxyethyl)ether, 355 g of N-ethyl-morpholine, 375 g of 2,3- dimethylaniline, and 30 g of cupric acetate is heated gradually with stirring to 140°C over a period of 90 minutes. The hot reaction mixture is then acidified with 260 mi of concentrated hydrochloric acid and the acidified mixture divided into 2 equal portions. One liter of water is added to each portion and the mixtures allowed to cool. The N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)anthranilic acid which separates upon cooling is collected by filtration and recrystallized from bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether; MP 229° to 230°C (corr.).

• Trademarks

  Ponstel (Sciele, Parke Davis, USA), Lysalgo (SIT, Italy), Opustan (Opus Pharm, UK), Parkemed (Parke Davis, Germany), Ponstan (Werner-Lambert, Switzerland), Pontal (Sankyo, Japan).

• Therapeutic Function

  Analgesic

• Synthesis Reference(s)

  The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 45, p. 2127, 1980 DOI: 10.1021/jo01299a020

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Mefenamic acid (Ponstel, Ponstan) is one of the oldestNSAIDs, introduced into the market in 1967 for mild tomoderate pain and for primary dysmenorrhea. It is rapidly absorbed with peak plasma levels occurring 2 to 4 hoursafter oral administration. It undergoes hepatic benzylic hydroxylationof its 3'methyl group regioselectively into twoinactive metabolites, 3'-hydroxymethylmefenamic acid andthe 3'carboxylate metabolite (via further oxidation of thebenzylic alcohol group). The parent drugs and these metabolitesare conjugated with glucuronic acid and excreted primarilyin the urine. Thus, although patients with knownliver deficiency may be given lower doses, it is contraindicatedin patients with preexisting renal dysfunction.
  Common side effects associated with its use include diarrhea,drowsiness, and headache. The possibility of blood disordershas also prompted limitation of its administration to 7days. It is not recommended for children or during pregnancy.

• Biochem/physiol Actions

  Mefenamic acid is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug. It acts as a cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme inhibitor. It is hepatoxic and implicated in liver injury. Contrarily, mefenamic acid elicits neuroprotection in in vivo ischemic stroke models by inhibiting cell toxicity induced by glutamate. Mefenamic due its inhibitory effect on prostaglandin synthesis can be used in reducing edema and ache.

• Mechanism of action

  Mefenamic acid inhibits both COX isoforms with some preference for COX-2 and modifies ion channels.

• Clinical Use

  Mefenamic acid is synthesized from o-chlorobenzoic acid and 2,3-dimethylaniline under catalytic conditions. Mefenamic acid is the only fenamic acid derivative that produces analgesia centrally and peripherally. Mefenamic acid is indicated for the short-term relief of moderate pain and for primary dysmenorrhea.

• Sicherheit(Safety)

  Mefenamic acid has mild anti-inflammatory properties and is used primarily as a short-term analgesic. Gastrointestinal disturbances, including possibly allergic diarrhea and potential renal toxicity, limit its use.

• Synthese

  Mefenamic acid, N-(2,3-xylyl)anthranylic acid (3.2.19), is synthesized in basically the same manner, by the reaction of the potassium salt of 2-bromobenzoic acid with 2,3-dimethylaniline in the presence of copper (II) acetate [80,81].
  Synthesis 2: mefenamic acid is prepared via the Jourdan – Ullmann – Goldberg synthesis utilizing either anthranilic acid and 3-bromo-1,2- dimethylbenzene or 2,3-dimethylaniline and an o-halobenzoic acid in the presence of a copper catalyst and a proton acceptor.
  

• Stoffwechsel

  Mefenamic acid is absorbed rapidly following oral administration, with peak plasma levels being attained within 2 to 4 hours. It is highly bound to plasma proteins (78.5%) and has a plasma half-life of 2 to 4 hours. Metabolism occurs through regioselective oxidation of the 3′-methyl group and glucuronidation of mefenamic acid and its metabolites. Urinary excretion accounts for approximately 50 to 55% of an administered dose, with unchanged drug accounting for 6%, the 3′-hydroxymethyl metabolite (primarily as the glucuronide) accounting for 25%, and the remaining 20% as the dicarboxylic acid (of which 30% is the glucuronide conjugate). These metabolites are essentially inactive.

Mefenamic acid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

2-((2,3-Dimethylphenyl)amino)-benzoesäure Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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