2-Hexanon

Bezeichnung:2-Hexanon

CAS-Nr591-78-6

Englisch Name:2-Hexanone

CBNumberCB1682968

SummenformelC6H12O

Molgewicht100.16

MOL-Datei591-78-6.mol

Synonyma

Hexan-2-on

2-Hexanon

Methyl-n-butylketon

2-Hexanon physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	-57 °C
Siedepunkt	127 °C(lit.)
Dichte	0.812 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdruck	10 mm Hg ( 39 °C)
Brechungsindex	n20/D 1.401(lit.)
Flammpunkt	95 °F
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	Soluble in acetone, ethanol, and ether (Weast, 1986)
Aggregatzustand	Liquid
pka	-8.30 (quoted, Riddick et al., 1986)
Farbe	Clear colorless to light yellow
Geruch (Odor)	at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. fruity fungal meaty buttery
Geruchsart	fruity
Odor Threshold	0.024ppm
Wasserlöslichkeit	2 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Merck	14,6033
BRN	1737676
Henry's Law Constant	24.4 at 37 °C (static headspace-GC, Bylaite et al., 2004)
Expositionsgrenzwerte	NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm (4 mg/m³), IDLH 1,600 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 100 ppm (410 mg/m³); ACGIH TLV: TWA 5 ppm, STEL 10 ppm (adopted).
Dielectric constant	14.6（15℃）
Stabilität	Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases, reducing agents.
InChIKey	QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
LogP	1.380
CAS Datenbank	591-78-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST chemische Informationen	2-Hexanone(591-78-6)
EPA chemische Informationen	2-Hexanone (591-78-6)

Sicherheit

Kennzeichnung gefährlicher	T,F
R-Sätze:	10-48/23-62-67-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
S-Sätze:	36/37-45-16-7
RIDADR	UN 1224 3/PG 3
WGK Germany	1
RTECS-Nr.	MP1400000
Selbstentzündungstemperatur	530 °C
TSCA	Yes
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29141900
Giftige Stoffe Daten	591-78-6(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität	LD50 orally in rats: 2.59 g/kg (Smyth)
IDLA	1,600 ppm

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

2-Hexanone Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert sehr heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift Kunststoffe an.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 5 ppm (als TWA); 10 ppm (als STEL); Hautresorption; BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 5 ppm, 21 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(8); Hautresorption; (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und über die Haut.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C kann schnell eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft eintreten; viel schneller jedoch beim Versprühen oder Dispergieren.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem. Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann zu Bewusstlosigkeit führen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Hautkontakt kann Dermatitis hervorrufen. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Umgebungsluftunabhängiges Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R48/23:Giftig: Gefahr ernster Gesundheitsschäden bei längerer Exposition durch Einatmen.
R62:Kann möglicherweise die Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.
Beschreibung
2-Hexanone has been used as a solvent for both cellulose- and resin-based coating systems. In the early 1970s, a number of workers in the print department of a coated fabrics plant developed severe peripheral neuropathy from an unknown cause. In search of an etiological agent, and in the absence of other neurotoxicants, 2-hexanone was implicated as it was recently substituted for methyl isobutyl ketone in the manufacturing process. Similar observations in workers exposed to 2-hexanone may have resulted in the decline in production and use in the United States.
Chemische Eigenschaften
MNBK is a colorless liquid with an acetonelike odor. The odor threshold is 0.08 ppm.
Chemische Eigenschaften
2-Hexanone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp odor. It dissolves very easily in water and is miscible in ethanol, methanol, and benzene. 2-Hexanone evaporates easily into the air as a vapor. It is stable, flammable, and incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases, and reducing agents. 2-Hexanone is a waste product of wood pulping, coal gasifi cation, and oil shale operations. Formerly, 2-hexanone was in use as a paint and paint thinner with other chemical substances, and to dissolve oils and waxes.and is used as a solvent and organic syn- thesis intermediates. However, the industrial uses of 2-hexanone is now very much restricted.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless to pale yellow, flammable liquid with an odor resembling acetone and 2-butanone. Nagata and Takeuchi (1990) reported an odor threshold concentration of 24 ppb_v. Amoore and Hautala (1983) reported odor threshold concentrations of 250 μg/L and 76 ppb_v in water and air, respectively.
Verwenden
As industrial solvents for adhesives, lacquers, paint removers, and acrylic coatings
Verwenden
Methyl butyl ketone (MBK) is used as asolvent for nitrocellulose, resins, lacquers,oils, fats, and waxes.
Verwenden
2-Hexanone is used in various organic chemical syntheses. It is used in the synthesis of (+/-)-monomorine. It is also used in the preparation of alcohols by transfer hydrogenation of ketones.
Definition
ChEBI: 2-Oxohexane is a ketone.
Vorbereitung Methode
MnBK can be produced by a reaction between acetic acid and ethylene under pressure MnBK can be produced by a reaction between acetic acid and ethylene under pressure.
Synthesis Reference(s)
Tetrahedron Letters, 24, p. 5181, 1983 DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)88391-4
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 89, p. 5708, 1967 DOI: 10.1021/ja00998a040
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 95°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
2-Hexanone is incompatible with oxidizing agents. 2-Hexanone may also react with strong bases and reducing agents.
Hazard
Flammable, moderate fire risk, explosive limits 1.2–8% in air. Irritant to eyes and mucous membranes, narcotic in high concentration, absorbed by skin. Causes peripheral neuropathy and testicular damage.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of high concentrations of vapor may result in narcosis; peripheral neuropathy may develop. Ingestion of large amounts may cause some systemic injury. Contact with eyes causes mild to moderate irritation. Liquid irritates skin; prolonged or repeated contact may cause defatting of the skin with resultant dermatitis.
Health Hazard
Chronic exposure to MBK via inhalationor skin absorption can cause disordersof the peripheral nervous system andneuropathic diseases. The symptoms inhumans, depending on the severity ofexposure, were parasthesias in the handsor feet, muscle weaknesses, weakness inankles and hand, and difficulty in grasping heavy objects. Animal studies indicatethat prolonged exposure to this compoundat a concentration of 200–1300 ppm for4–12 weeks can result in neuropathy.Neurotoxicity is attributed to its primarymetabolite, 2,5-hexanedione. Improvementin conditions can occur slowly over monthsafter cessation of exposure. Acute exposureto high concentrations, 1000 ppm, for severalminutes can cause irritation of the eyes andnose in humans. Inhalation to 20,000 ppmfor 30 minutes caused narcosis in guineapigs and prolonged exposure for 70 minuteswas lethal. The acute oral toxicity in ratswas low.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 2600 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
2-Hexanone is flammable.
mögliche Exposition
The material is used as a solvent
Erste Hilfe
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Environmental Fate
Biological. Using the BOD technique to measure biodegradation, the mean 5-d BOD value (mM BOD/mM 2-hexanone) and ThOD were 5.22 and 61.4%, respectively (Vaishnav et al., 1987).
Photolytic. A second-order photooxidation rate constant of 8.97 x 10^-12 cm³/molecule?sec for the reaction of 2-hexanone and OH radicals in the atmosphere at 299 K was reported by Atkinson (1985).
Chemical/Physical. 2-Hexanone will not hydrolyze because it has no hydrolyzable functional group (Kollig, 1995).
Lager
2-Hexanone should be kept stored in a tightly closed container, in a cool, dry place, away from sources of ignition.
Versand/Shipping
UN1224 Ketones, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name Required
Toxicity evaluation
Regardless of the route of exposure, both human and animal studies indicate that the nervous system is the target organ of 2-hexanone toxicity with its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione, serving as the neurotoxic agent. 2,5-Hexanedione binds covalently to axonal components of the nerve tissue. In vitro studies have shown that this metabolite reacts with the nucleophilic lysine 3-amino groups to ultimately form 2,5-dimethylpyrrole adducts with neurofilaments. Neurofilament aggregates concentrate in the distal subterminal axon, resulting in axonal swelling, or distal axonopathy, just proximal to the nodes of Ranvier. These reactions may lead to the manifestation of peripheral neuropathy.
Inkompatibilitäten
Violent reaction with oxidizers. May form unstable peroxides. Attacks plastics.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen
Occupational workers should be careful when using and handling 2-hexanone. Workers should wash thoroughly after handling the chemical substance. Workers should avoid contact of 2-hexanone with the eyes, skin, and clothing and also avoid contact with heat, sparks, and flame.

2-Hexanone Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

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