General Description
A colorless to yellow liquid with a pungent odor. Burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. A lachrymator. Used to make dyes and pharmaceuticals.
Reactivity Profile
DIMETHYLCARBAMOYL CHLORIDE(79-44-7) is water reactive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, bases (including amines). May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291]. Gives toxic fumes of NOx and HCl when burned [USCG, 1999].
Air & Water Reactions
Reacts with water or moisture in the air to form hydrochloric acid and dimethylcarbamic acid.
Health Hazard
Material is extremely destructive to the mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Symptoms of exposure include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Fire Hazard
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic fumes of NO x and HCl
Description
DMCC is a liquid. Molecularweight= 107.55; Specific gravity (H2O:1) 5 1.2; Boilingpoint= 165℃; Freezing/Melting point = 2 33℃; Vaporpressure = 2.5 mmHg at 25℃; Flash point = 68.3℃.Hazard Identification (based on NFPA-704 M RatingSystem): Health 3, Flammability 2, Reactivity 1 . Reactivewith water; decomposes.
Chemical Properties
Clear colorless liquid
Uses
As a chemical intermediate in the
manufacture of carbamate drugs and pesticides
Uses
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride has been used primarily as a chemical intermediate in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and rocket fuel (IARC 1999, HSDB 2009).
Definition
ChEBI: Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride is a halide. It is functionally related to a carbamic acid.
Toxicology
The LD50
is 1170 mg/kg upon oral administration to rats
and 350 mg/kg upon intraperitoneal administration to mice. The compound is irritating to
the skin and eyes. All the test animals survived
an 8-min inhalation test in an atmosphere saturated with vapors of the substance at 20℃.
Longer exposure times led to death. No sensitization was observed in animal experiments.
Potential Exposure
AgriculturalChemical; Tumorigen, Mutagen. DMCC is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, rocket fuel, and dye synthesis. Human exposure islimited to, but not restricted to, chemical workers, pesticideformulators, dye makers, and pharmaceutical workers.DMCC has been found at levels up to 6 ppm during the production of phthaloyl chlorides. It is possible that levels ofexposure might be higher in facilities in which the chemicalis used for further synthesis. When DMCC is used as a dyeintermediate, exposure can occur from the amount of residue in the product and its ability to migrate.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove anycontact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least15 min, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts theskin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediatelywith soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. Ifthis chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR ifheart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medicalfacility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. If victim is conscious, administer water ormilk. Do not induce vomiting
Carcinogenicity
Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
storage
(1) Color Code—White: Corrosive or ContactHazard; Store separately in a corrosion-resistant location.(2) Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Store in asecure poison location. Prior to working with DMCC youshould be trained on its proper handling and storage. Storein tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated areaaway from strong oxidizers, strong acids, strong bases, andmoisture, since violent reactions can occur. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should begrounded and bonded. Where possible, automatically pumpliquid from drums or other storage containers to processcontainers. Drums must be equipped with self-closingvalves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Useonly nonsparking tools and equipment, especially whenopening and closing containers of this chemical. Sources ofignition, such as smoking and open flames, are prohibitedwhere this chemical is used, handled, or stored in a mannerthat could create a potential fire or explosion hazard.Wherever this chemical is used, handled, manufactured, orstored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings. A regulated, marked area should be established wherethis chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance withOSHA Standard 1910.1045.
Shipping
This compound requires a shipping label of“CORROSIVE.” It falls in Hazard Class 8 and PackingGroup II.
Purification Methods
It must be distilled under high vacuum to avoid decomposition. [Beilstein 4 IV 224.]
Incompatibilities
Strong oxidizers; strong acids; strongbases. Reacts with water (rapidly hydrolyzes to carbondioxide, dimethylamine, dimethylcarbamic acid, and hydrochloric acid). Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
