Chemical Properties
Brownish Yellow Solid
Uses
Amonafide is a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor in clinical development for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Antitumor agent.
Definition
ChEBI: 5-amino-2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione is a member of isoquinolines.
Biological Activity
amonafide is a novel topoisomerase ii inhibitor. topoisomerase ii plays critical roles including dna transcription, replication and chromosome segregation. though the biological functions of topoisomerase ii are important for insuring genomic integrity, the ability to interfere with topoisomerase ii and generate enzyme mediated dna damage is an effective strategy for cancer chemotherapy.
in vitro
amonafide intercalated with dna and disrupted the loading of topoisomerases. in contrast to the classic agents, amonafide was found to induce higher molecular weight fragmentation, resulting in the apoptosis without dna cleavage. amonafide was found to act in an atp-independent manner and seemed unlikely to induce the chromosome translocations associated with treatmentinduced leukemia [1].
in vivo
amonafide was found to be able to inhibit ip l1210 leukemia, with optimal increased life spans (ils) of 61% to 106% following single 16 mg/kg dosing on days 1 to 9. similar efficacy was noted against ip p388 murine leukemia and the sc implanted l1210 leukemia. additionally, amonafide demonstrated activity against two nonleukemic ip implanted murine tumors, the m5076 sarcoma and the b16 melanoma [2].
IC 50
4.67, 2.73, and 6.38 for ht-29, hela, and pc3 cells, respectively
References
[1] freeman cl,swords r,giles fj. amonafide: a future in treatment of resistant and secondary acute myeloid leukemia expert rev hematol.2012 feb;5(1):17-26.
[2] saez r,craig jb,kuhn jg,weiss gr,koeller j,phillips j,havlin k,harman g,hardy j,melink tj, et al. phase i clinical investigation of amonafide. j clin oncol.1989 sep;7(9):1351-8.
