109-79-5

Butanethiol is also known as butyl mercaptan. It is a volatile, highly flammable clear to yellowish liquid with an extremely foul-smelling, strong, garlic-, cabbageor skunk-like Butanethiol is also known as butyl mercaptan. It is a volatile, highly flammable clear to yellowish liquid with an extremely foul-smelling, strong, garlic-, cabbageor skunk-like

A clear, colorless liquid with a strong skunk-like odor. Flash point in range-18 to 43°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.

BUTYL MERCAPTAN(109-79-5) is incompatible with acids, diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials generate heat and in many cases hydrogen gas. May liberate hydrogen sulfide upon decomposition or reaction with an acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents [USCG, 1999].

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Toxic by inhalation. Flammable, dangerous fire risk. Upper respiratory tract irritant.

Exposures to butanethiol cause adverse health effects and poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning in exposed workers include, but are not limited to, asthenia, muscular weak ness, malaise, sweating, nausea, vomiting, headache, restlessness, increased respiration, incoordination, muscular weakness, skeletal muscle paralysis in most cases, heavy to mild cyanosis, lethargy and/or sedation, respiratory depression followed by coma. Severe cases of poisoning lead to death of the exposed worker. In laboratory studies, animals given intraperitoneal and oral exposures of butane thiol survived near-lethal single doses. However, after 20 days post-treatment, animals showed pathological changes involving liver and kidney damage. The pathomorpho logical changes in the liver included cloudy swelling, fatty degeneration, and necrosis. Pathological changes in the kidneys included cloudy swelling, and the lungs displayed capillary engorgement, patchy edema, and occasional hemorrhage

Inhalation causes loss of sense of smell; muscular weakness. convulsions, and respiratory paralysis may follow prolonged exposure. Contact of liquid with eyes or skin causes slight irritation. Ingestion causes nausea.

Butyl mercaptan is a flammable, colorless liquid with a strong, skunk-like odor. The Odor Threshold in air is 0.00097 ppm. Molecular weight 5 90.19; Specific gravity (H2O:1) 5 0.83 @ 20C; boiling point 5 99C;freezing/melting point 5 2116C; vapor pressure 5 35 mmHg @ 20C; 75 mmHg @ 34.5C; relative vapor density (air 5 1) 5 3.1; Flash point 5 2C (cc); Autoignition temperature # 225C. Explosive limits: LEL: 1.4%; UEL: 10.2%. Hazard identification (based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 1; flammability 3; reactivity 0 ?. Slightly soluble in water; solubility 5 0.06% @ 20C.

If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Speed in removing material from skin is of extreme importance. Shampoo hair promptly if contaminated. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit

UN2347 Butyl mercaptan, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid

May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks some plastics and rubber

Butane thiol, also known as butyl mercaptan, is a volatile, clear to yellowish liquid with a fetid (extremely foul-smelling) odor, commonly described as "skunk" odor. In fact, butanethiol is structurally similar to several major constituents of a skunk's defensive spray but is not actually present in the spray. The scent of butanethiol is so strong that the human nose can easily detect it in the air at concentrations as low as 10 parts per billion. The threshold level for 1-butane thiol is reported as 1.4 ppb.

Incineration (1093C) followed by scrubbing with a caustic solution.

Clear, colorless liquid with a strong garlic, cabbage, or pungent skunk-like odor. Odor threshold concentrations of 0.0028 ppb_v and 3.7 μg/m³ (1.0 ppb_v) were reported by Katz and Talbert (1930) and Nagata and Takeuchi (1990), respectively.

Reported found in beef, cheddar cheese, raw chicken, cooked potatoes, beer and boiled eggs.

ChEBI: Butanethiol is an alkanethiol.

Butanethiol is produced from n-Butanol plus Hydrogen sulfide over catalyst.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 72, p. 1073, 1950 DOI: 10.1021/ja01159a005

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Butanethiol is a very noxious and caustic chemical compound, and at sufficiently high concentrations, it produces serious health effects in both humans and animals, especially as a result of prolonged exposure. Higher concentrations can lead to unconsciousness and coma after prolonged exposure. Contact with the skin and mucous membranes causes burns, and contact with the eyes can lead to blurred vision or complete blindness.
Inhalation may cause weakness, confusion, cough, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, nausea, vomiting, and shortness of breath. The substance irritates the eyes, the skin, and the respiratory tract. It may cause effects on the thyroid and the nervous system and could cause lowering of consciousness.

Chemical/Physical. Releases toxic sulfur oxide fumes when heated to decomposition (Sax and Lewis, 1987).

Color Code—Red: Flammability Hazard: Store ina flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet awayfrom ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials.Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilatedarea away from heat, oxidizers, or acids.

Dry the thiol with CaSO4 or Na2SO4, then reflux it over magnesium, or dry with, and distil it from CaO, under nitrogen [Roberts & Friend J Am Chem Soc 108 7204 1986.] It has been separated from hydrocarbons by extractive distillation with aniline. Dissolve it also in 20% NaOH, extract with a small amount of *C6H6, then steam distil it until clear. The solution is then cooled and acidified slightly with 15% H2SO4. The thiol is distilled out, dried with CaSO4 or CaCl2, and fractionally distilled under N2 [Mathias & Filho J Phys Chem 62 1427 1958]. It has also been purified by precipitation as the lead mercaptide from alcoholic solution, then regeneration by adding dilute HCl to the residue followed by steam distillation. All operations should be carried out in a fume cupboard due to the TOXICITY and obnoxious odour of the thiol. [Beilstein 1 IV 1555.]