Акрилонитрил
- английское имяAcrylonitrile
- CAS №107-13-1
- CBNumberCB8764818
- ФормулаC3H3N
- мольный вес53.06
- EINECS203-466-5
- номер MDLMFCD00001927
- файл Mol107-13-1.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | -83 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 77 °C (lit.) |
| плотность | 0.806 g/mL at 20 °C |
| плотность пара | 1.83 (vs air) |
| давление пара | 86 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| показатель преломления | n |
| Fp | 32 °F |
| температура хранения | 2-8°C |
| растворимость | 73g/l |
| форма | Liquid |
| цвет | Clear |
| РН | 6.0-7.5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Запах | Mild pyridine-like odor at 2 to 22 ppm |
| Порог?обнаружения?запаха? | 8.8ppm |
| Пределы взрываемости | 2.8-28%(V) |
| Вязкость | 0.4 cp (25C) |
| Растворимость в воде | Soluble. 7.45 g/100 mL |
| Чувствительный | Light Sensitive |
| Мерк | 14,131 |
| БРН | 605310 |
| констант закона Генри | 1.30 at 30.00 °C (headspace-GC, Hovorka et al., 2002) |
| Пределы воздействия | NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm, 15-min C 1 ppm, IDLH 85 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 2 ppm, 15-min C 10 ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 2 ppm. |
| Диэлектрическая постоянная | 33.009999999999998 |
| LogP | 0.017 at 21℃ |
| Непрямые добавки, используемые в веществах, контактирующих с пищевыми продуктами | ACRYLONITRILE |
| FDA 21 CFR | 175.105; 175.300; 175.320; 176.180; 177.1010; 178.3790 |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 107-13-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 7 |
| Словарь онкологических терминов NCI | acrylonitrile |
| FDA UNII | MP1U0D42PE |
| Предложение 65 Список | Acrylonitrile |
| МАИР | 2B (Vol. 71) 1999 |
| Справочник по химии NIST | 2-Propenenitrile(107-13-1) |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Acrylonitrile (107-13-1) |
| UNSPSC Code | 41116107 |
| NACRES | NA.24 |
больше
| Коды опасности | F,T,N,Xn | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 45-11-23/24/25-37/38-41-43-51/53-39/23/24/25-62-63 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 53-9-16-45-61-36/37 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | UN 1093 3/PG 1 | |||||||||
| OEB | D | |||||||||
| OEL | TWA: 1 ppm, Ceiling: 10 ppm [15-minute] [skin] | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 3 | |||||||||
| RTECS | AT5250000 | |||||||||
| F | 8 | |||||||||
| Температура самовоспламенения | 481 °C | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| Класс опасности | 3 | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | I | |||||||||
| кода HS | 29261000 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 107-13-1(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in rats: 0.093 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter) | |||||||||
| ИДЛА | 60 ppm | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H315：При попадании на кожу вызывает раздражение.
H335：Может вызывать раздражение верхних дыхательных путей.
H318：При попадании в глаза вызывает необратимые последствия.
H301+H311+H331：Токсично при проглатывании, при контакте с кожей или при вдыхании.
H317：При контакте с кожей может вызывать аллергическую реакцию.
H350：Может вызывать раковые заболевания.
H411：Токсично для водных организмов с долгосрочными последствиями.
H225：Легковоспламеняющаяся жидкость. Пары образуют с воздухом взрывоопасные смеси.
H361fd：Предполагается, что данное вещество может отрицательно повлиять на способность к деторождению. Предполагается, что данное вещество может отрицательно повлиять на неродившегося ребенка.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P273：Избегать попадания в окружающую среду.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P301+P310：ПРИ ПРОГЛАТЫВАНИИ: Немедленно обратиться за медицинской помощью. Прополоскать рот.
P303+P361+P353：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ (или волосы): Снять/удалить немедленно всю загрязненную одежду. Промыть кожу водой.
P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.
Акрилонитрил химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Acrylonitrile is a colorless, flammable liquid. Its vapors may explode when exposed to an open flame. Acrylonitrile does not occur naturally. It is produced in very large amounts by several chemical industries in the United States and its requirement and demand has increased in recent years. The largest users of acrylonitrile are chemical industries that make acrylic and modacrylic fi bers, high impact acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastics. Acrylonitrile is also used in business machines, luggage, and construction material, in the manufacturing of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) plastics for automotive and household goods, and in packaging material. Adiponitrile is used to make nylon, dyes, drugs, and pesticides.Использование
Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, resins, and surface coating; as an intermediate in the production of pharmaceuticals and dyes; as a polymer modifier; and as a fumigant. It may occur in fire-effluent gases because of pyrolyses of polyacrylonitrile materials. Acrylonitrile was found to be released from the acrylonitrile–styrene copolymer and acrylonitrile–styrene–butadiene copolymer bottles when these bottles were filled with food-simulating solvents such as water, 4% acetic acid, 20% ethanol, and heptane and stored for 10 days to 5 months (Nakazawa et al. 1984). The release was greater with increasing temperature and was attributable to the residual acrylonitrile monomer in the polymeric materials.Определение
ChEBI: Acrylonitrile is a nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by an ethenyl group. It is very toxic and irritant but is also a sensitizer. It caused both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis in a production manufacture.Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.Профиль реактивности
ACRYLONITRILE produces poisonous hydrogen cyanide gas on contact with strong acids or when heated to decomposition. Reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents (dibenzoyl peroxide, di-tert-butylperoxide, bromine) [Sax, 9th ed., p. 61]. Rapidly ignites in air and forms explosive mixtures with air. Polymerizes violently in the presence of strong bases or acids. Underwent a runaway reaction culminating in an explosion on contact with a small amount of bromine or solid silver nitrate [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 404].Контактные аллергены
Acrylonitrile is a raw material used extensively in industry, mainly for acrylic and modacrylic fibers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene and styrene-acrylonitrile resins, adiponitrile used in nylon’s synthesis, for nitrile rubber, and plastics. It is also used as an insecticide. This very toxic and irritant substance is also a sensitizer and caused both irritant and allergic contact dermatitis in a production manufacturer.Возможный контакт
Acrylonitrile is used in the manufacture of synthetic fibers, polymers, acrylostyrene plastics, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastics, nitrile rubbers, chemicals, and adhesives. It is also used as a pesticide. In the past, this chemical was used as a room fumigant and pediculicide (an agent used to destroy lice).Канцерогенность
Acrylonitrile is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.хранилище
Work with acrylonitrile should be conducted in a fume hood to prevent exposure by inhalation, and splash goggles and impermeable gloves should be worn at all times to prevent eye and skin contact. Acrylonitrile should be used only in areas free of ignition sources. Containers of acrylonitrile should be stored in secondary containers in the dark in areas separate from oxidizers and bases.Перевозки
UN1093 Acrylonitrile, stabilized, Hazard Class 3; Labels: 3 Flammable liquids, 6.1-Poisonous materialsМетоды очистки
Wash acrylonitrile with dilute H2SO4 or dilute H3PO4, then with dilute Na2CO3 and water. Dry it with Na2SO4, CaCl2 or (better) by shaking with molecular sieves. Fractionally distil it under N2. It can be stabilised by adding 10ppm tert-butyl catechol. Immediately before use, the stabilizer can be removed by passage through a column of activated alumina (or by washing with 1% NaOH solution if traces of water are permissible in the final material), followed by distillation. Alternatively, shake it with 10% (w/v) NaOH to extract inhibitor, and then wash it in turn with 10% H2SO4, 20% Na2CO3 and distilled water. Dry for 24hours over CaCl2 and fractionally distil under N2 taking fraction boiling at 75.0-75.5oC (at 734mm). Store it with 10ppm tert-butyl catechol. Acrylonitrile is distilled off when required. [Burton et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 75 1050 1979, Beilstein 2 IV 1473.]Несовместимости
Acrylonitrile is reactive with, and must be kept away from, strong oxidizers, especially bromine. Use extreme care to keep Acrylonitrile away from strong bases, strong acids, copper, copper alloys, ammonia and amines. Contact with these chemicals can cause a chemical reaction resulting in a fire or explosion. Chemical compatibility should also be determined before Acrylonitrile comes in contact with any other chemical.Утилизация отходов
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Incineration with provision for nitrogen oxides removal from effluent gases by scrubbers or afterburners. A chemical disposal method has also been suggested involving treatment with alcoholic NaOH; the alcohol is evaporatedand calcium hypochlorite added; after 24 hours the product is flushed to the sewer with large volumes of water. Recovery of acrylonitrile from acrylonitrile process effluents is an alternative to disposal.Акрилонитрил запасные части и сырье
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