Поли(акриламид)

Химические свойства

white to faintly yellow granules

Использование

Polyacrylamide is a polymer formed from acrylamide subunits. Polyacrylamide has been extensively used in applications such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Определение

polyacrylamide: A polymerformed from 2-propenamide(CH₂:CHCONH₂). Polyacrylamide gelsare made using a cross-linking agentto form three-dimensional matrices.They are used in gel electrophoresis.

Подготовка

Polyacrylamide resembles poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid) in being water-soluble and, as with those polymers, it is mainly this property which results in some limited commercial utilization. Polyacrylamide is prepared by free radical polymerization, using techniques essentially similar to those described for poly(acrylic acid) and poly(methacrylic acid):

It may be noted that whereas this reaction gives a vinyl polymer, a different type of polymer is obtained when polymerization is initiated by a strong base. In this case, a polyamide (nylon 3) is formed. Active initiators for this type of polymerization include alkoxides (RO-) and reaction probably takes place according to the following scheme, which involves the rearrangement of a carbanion to a more stable amide anion:

Polyacrylamide is a hard, brittle material. It is readily soluble in cold water but solubility in organic compounds is generally very limited. The polymer undergoes reactions characteristic of the amide group; for example, alkaline hydrolysis introduces carboxylic groups and reaction with formaldehyde gives methylol groups.
Polyacrylamide has found use as a ftocculant in the processing of minerals and in water treatment. Copolymers of acrylamide and acrylic acid are used to increase the dry strength of paper.

Общее описание

Intelligent Swelling/Collapsing copolymer that can be used as a temperature- and pH-sensitive material.