2-Нитроанилин
- английское имя2-Nitroaniline
- CAS №88-74-4
- CBNumberCB6287018
- ФормулаC6H6N2O2
- мольный вес138.12
- EINECS201-855-4
- номер MDLMFCD00007687
- файл Mol88-74-4.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 70-73 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 284 °C (lit.) |
| плотность | 1,255 g/cm3 |
| давление пара | 8.1 at 25 °C (Mabey et al., 1982) |
| показатель преломления | 1.6349 (estimate) |
| Fp | 168 °C |
| температура хранения | Store below +30°C. |
| растворимость | methanol: 0.1 g/mL, clear |
| форма | Crystals or Flakes |
| Цветовой индекс | 37025 |
| пка | -0.26(at 25℃) |
| цвет | Orange to brown |
| РН | 6.1 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry) |
| Растворимость в воде | 1.1 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Мерк | 14,6582 |
| БРН | 509275 |
| констант закона Генри | 5.88 x 10-8 atm?m3/mol at 25 °C (thermodynamic method-GC/UV spectrophotometry, Altschuh et al., 1999) |
| Стабильность | Stable. Incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizing agents, chloroformates, hexanitroethane. |
| LogP | 1.85 at 25℃ |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 88-74-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 1 |
| FDA UNII | 2519U0541L |
| Справочник по химии NIST | o-Nitroaniline(88-74-4) |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | o-Nitroaniline (88-74-4) |
больше
| Коды опасности | T,F | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 23/24/25-33-52/53-39/23/24/25-11 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 28-36/37-45-61-28A-16-7 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | UN 1661 6.1/PG 2 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 2 | |||||||||
| RTECS | BY6650000 | |||||||||
| F | 8 | |||||||||
| Температура самовоспламенения | 521 °C | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| Класс опасности | 6.1 | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | II | |||||||||
| кода HS | 29214210 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 88-74-4(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 1600 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 7940 mg/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H301+H311+H331：Токсично при проглатывании, при контакте с кожей или при вдыхании.
H373：Может поражать органы (Нервная система) в результате многократного или продолжительного воздействия при вдыхании.
H412：Вредно для водных организмов с долгосрочными последствиями.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P273：Избегать попадания в окружающую среду.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P301+P310：ПРИ ПРОГЛАТЫВАНИИ: Немедленно обратиться за медицинской помощью. Прополоскать рот.
P302+P352+P312：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ: Промыть большим количеством воды. Обратиться за медицинской помощью при плохом самочувствии.
P304+P340+P311：ПРИ ВДЫХАНИИ: Свежий воздух, покой. Обратиться за медицинской помощью.
P314：В случае плохого самочувствия обратиться к врачу.
2-Нитроанилин химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
orange solidИспользование
2-Nitroaniline is the main precursor to?phenylenediamines, which are converted to?benzimidazoles, a family of?heterocycles?that are key components in pharmaceuticals.Методы производства
2-Chloronitrobenzene is heated with excess (10 mol/mol) strong aqueous ammonia in an autoclave. The temperature is gradually increased to 180 ℃ over 4 h and held there for 5 h more. The pressure builds up to around 4 MPa and is released to an ammonia recycle loop before the product is isolated by filtration and washing. The reaction is extremely exothermic, and too rapid heating or inadequate temperature control can result in a runaway reaction. Because of this hazard, I.G. Farbenindustrie developed a continuous amination unit for amination of chloronitrobenzenes; the process is summarized under 4-nitroaniline.Общее описание
Orange solid with a musty odor. Sinks and mixes slowly with water.Реакции воздуха и воды
Insoluble in water.Профиль реактивности
2-Nitroaniline may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Mixtures of 2-Nitroaniline with magnesium are hypergolic on contact with nitric acid. 2-Nitroaniline forms extremely explosive addition compounds with hexanitroethane. 2-Nitroaniline has a vigorous reaction with sulfuric acid above 392° F. 2-Nitroaniline is incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, chloroformates and strong oxidizers.Опасность
Explosion risk. Toxic when absorbed by skin.Угроза здоровью
Inhalation or ingestion causes headache, nausea, methemo- globinemia, vomiting, weakness, and stupor; cyanosis caused by contact usually develops in 4-6 hrs.; prolonged and excessive exposure may also cause liver damage. Contact with eyes or skin causes irritation; continued exposure may cause same symptoms as inhalation or ingestion.Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic oxides of nitrogen may form in fire.Профиль безопасности
A poison. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mildly toxic by skin contact. Mutation data reported. Mixtures with magnesium are hypergolic on contact with nitric acid. Forms extremely explosive addltion compounds with hexanitroethane. Vigorous reaction with sulfuric acid above 200°C. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also m- NITROANILINE, p-NITROANILINE, and ANILINE DYES.Экологическая судьба
Biological. Under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using a sewage inoculum, 2-nitroaniline degraded to 2-methylbenzimidazole and 2-nitroacetanilide (Hallas and Alexander, 1983). A Pseudomonas sp. strain P6, isolated from a Matapeake silt loam, did not grow on 2-nitroaniline as the sole source of carbon. However, in the presence of 4-nitroaniline, approximately 50% of the applied 2-nitroaniline metabolized to nonvolatile products which could not be identified by HPLC (Zeyer and Kearney, 1983). In activated sludge inoculum, following a 20-d adaptation period, no degradation was observed (Pitter, 1976).Plant. 2-Nitroaniline was degraded by tomato cell suspension cultures (Lycopericon lycopersicum). Transformation products identified were 2-nitroanilino-β-D-glucopyranoside, β-(2- amino-3-nitrophenyl)glucopyranoside, and β-(4-amino-3-nitrophenyl)-glucopyranoside (Pogány et al., 1990).
Методы очистки
Crystallise the aniline from hot water (charcoal), then from aqueous 50% EtOH, or EtOH, and dry it in a vacuum desiccator. It has also been chromatographed on alumina, then recrystallised from *benzene. [Beilstein 12 IV 1563.]