What is the function and hazards of Tert-Butyl methyl ether?

Tert-Butyl methyl ether(MTBE) is a volatile, flammable, and colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water. Primarily used as a fuel additive, MTBE is blended into gasoline to increase its octane rating and knock resistance, and reduce unwanted emissions.

Properties of Tert-Butyl methyl ether

Tert-Butyl methyl ether appears as a colorless liquid with a distinctive anesthetic-like odor. Vapors are heavier than air and narcotic (cause drowsiness when inhaled). This liquid has a flash point lower than most ambient temperatures, so it will readily ignite under most conditions. It is less dense than water and moderately soluble in water. Used as a octane booster in gasoline.

Function of Tert-Butyl methyl ether

Tert-Butyl methyl ether (MTBE) is a gasoline additive. MTBE undergoes oxidative degradation in the presence of propane-oxidizing bacterial strains. The kinetic studies of heat-assisted persulfate oxidation of MTBE under various parameters suggests that the reaction follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics. MTBE can be synthesized by acid catalyzed reaction between methanol and isobutene. It is an effective alternative to lead containing additives for enhancing the octane rating of gasoline. A study suggests that the addition of MTBE increases the number of active sites during polymerization of propene by stopped-flow method.

Tert-Butyl methyl ether may be used to synthesize fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and glycerol tert-butyl ether via transesterification with canola oil under supercritical conditions.

Hazards of Tert-Butyl methyl ether

Acute exposure of humans to tert-Butyl methyl ether has occurred via injection into the gallbladder during its use as a medical treatment to dissolve cholesterol gallstones. Nausea, vomiting, and sleepiness have been observed; in one case renal failure was reported.

Acute inhalation exposure has resulted in CNS effects including ataxia and abnormal gait in rats.

Acute animal tests in rats have demonstrated methyl tert-butyl ether to have low acute toxicity via inhalation and moderate acute toxicity via ingestion.

Storage of Tert-Butyl methyl ether

Color Code—Red: Flammability Hazard: Store in a flammable liquid storage area or approved cabinet away from ignition sources and corrosive and reactive materials. Prior to working with MTBE you should be trained on its 1766 Methyl-tert-butyl ether proper handling and storage. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from strong oxidizers, strong acids. Where possible, automatically pump liquid from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Drums must be equipped with self-closing valves, pressure vacuum bungs, and flame arresters. Use only nonsparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing containers of this chemical. Wherever this chemical is used, handled, manufactured, or stored, use explosion-proof electrical equipment and fittings.

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