Calcium Glycinate: Calcium Supplement, Dairy Enrichment & Tomato Antiviral Agent

Calcium glycinate is used to prevent or treat calcium deficiency, which can lead to conditions such as osteoporosis. This compound also helps regulate blood pressure and muscle contractions, and may be beneficial for people with celiac disease. Calcium bisglycinate and calcium glycinate refer to the same mineral. It is the chemical or scientific name of this form of calcium. The resilient calcium glycinate produced by Cypress Minerals is 100% fully chelated, which increases its bioavailability in the body. Fully reacted, chelated minerals remain covalently bonded and can be properly absorbed and used by the body. Additionally, they do not dissociate in the stomach’s acidic environment.

The influence of the dose of calcium glycinate on physicochemical properties

In the process of enrichment of dairy products a priority element is the proper selection of compounds that are a mineral carrier. Calcium glycinate is better absorbed by the body than inorganic forms of calcium. Moreover, the lactic acid which is produced in kefir fermentation and the presence of lactose have also a positive effect on the improvement of absorption of calcium. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of the applied dose of calcium in the form of calcium glycinate on the physicochemical and sensory properties and texture of kefirs during 21-day period of cold storage. Processed cow milk was enriched with 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg of calcium (for 100 g of milk), repasteurized (72°C, 1 min), cooled down (26°C), inoculated with Commercial VITAL kefir culture (Danisco, Poland) and fermented for 16 hours (26°C). The assessment of the influence of addition of calcium glycinate on acidity, syneresis, texture and sensory characteristics (1-9 points) of kefirs was conducted at four fixed dates (after 1 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days of storage).[1]

During successive weeks of cold storage in all experimental groups there was observed a tendency to decrease general acidity. On the 1st and 7th days of cold storage reduced whey leakage was observed in kefirs enriched with 25 mg and 30 mg Ca/100 g of milk. With increasing doses of enrichment with calcium both the hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess of kefirs decreased. The applied doses of calcium did not cause changes in the sensory characteristics such as colour and consistency of the fermented beverages. Calcium glycinate may be used to enrich kefirs with calcium even with 30 mg of calcium in 100 g of milk without the modification of the product's parameters.

Calcium nutrition nanoagent rescues tomatoes from mosaic virus disease

Calcium is an essential structural, metabolic and signaling element, which is required either for nutritional or signaling purpose. It thereby shows a dual function, both as a structural component of cell walls and membranes and as a second messenger, which is involved in plant growth and responses to abiotic as well as biotic stress. Calcium glycinate (C4H8CaN2O4) is formed by glycine and calcium compounds through chemical reactions, which is a new-type and ideal nutrient supplement. To this context, the current study aimed to construct a SPc-based nano-delivery system for calcium glycinate to control tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) disease by accelerating calcium transport and activating antiviral immunity. We tested the drug loading content (DLC) using freeze drying method, measured the complex particle size using dynamic light scattering (DLS), observed the complex morphology using transmission electron microscope (TEM), and determined the interaction force between calcium glycinate and SPc using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) to illustrate the self-assembly mechanism. Finally, we tested the calcium transport in plant with the aid of SPc using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) system, and determined the bioactivity of SPc-loaded calcium glycinate, including the control efficacy against ToMV, and effects on leaf photosynthetic rate and internodes length of seedlings.[2]

In summary, the current study constructed a SPc-based nano-delivery system to load calcium glycinate through hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force. The self-assembly of calcium glycinate/SPc complex formed stable spherical particles with nanoscale size (17.7 nm). This complex activated the expression of many transport-related genes and disease resistance genes in tomatoes, suggesting the enhanced transport and bioactivity of SPc-loaded calcium glycinate. As expected, the calcium content in tomato leaves was increased from 17.58 to 22.38 g/mg with the help of SPc, and the control effect of it was significantly improved toward ToMV with DI reduction from 24.69 to 11.47 after the fifth application. Furthermore, SPc-loaded calcium glycinate could be applied to increase the leaf photosynthetic rate and control the unusual fast growth of tomatoes. The current calcium nutrition nanoagent can be sprayed directly to plant leaves for increasing nutrient-use efficiency and antiviral immunity in actual production.

References

[1]Pawlos, Ma?gorzata et al. “The influence of the dose of calcium bisglycinate on physicochemical properties, sensory analysis and texture profile of kefirs during 21 days of cold storage.” Acta scientiarum polonorum. Technologia alimentaria vol. 15,1 (2016): 37-45. doi:10.17306/J.AFS.2016.1.4

[2]Yan S, Hu Q, Wei Y, Jiang Q, Yin M, Dong M, Shen J, Du X. Calcium nutrition nanoagent rescues tomatoes from mosaic virus disease by accelerating calcium transport and activating antiviral immunity. Front Plant Sci. 2022 Dec 6;13:1092774. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1092774. PMID: 36561462; PMCID: PMC9764000.

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