Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium Bromide: Applications and Toxicity

General Description

Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is a highly effective disinfectant recognized for its ability to destroy both spores and vegetative forms of harmful microorganisms, making it valuable in medical environments such as hospitals and laboratories. Additionally, it serves as an anti-infective agent, suitable for topical use in various medical procedures due to its low toxicity and minimal irritation. Beyond healthcare, Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is utilized in industrial water treatment and agricultural practices for controlling bacteria and preserving produce. However, it is classified as highly toxic, necessitating careful handling, and is contraindicated for use with certain materials and ordinary soap to avoid hazardous reactions.

Figure 1. Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide

Applications

Applications in Disinfection

Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is primarily recognized for its robust applications as a disinfectant. This compound is classified as a complete disinfectant, meaning it possesses the ability to destroy both spores and vegetative forms of harmful microorganisms. Its high efficacy makes Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide particularly valuable in environments requiring strict sanitation, such as hospitals and laboratories. The compound not only eliminates bacteria and viruses but also maintains stability and does not corrode metal surfaces. This property allows it to be used safely on various equipment without causing damage, making Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide an essential component in infection control protocols. ¹

Applications in Anti-Infective Treatments

In addition to its disinfectant qualities, Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide plays a significant role as an anti-infective agent. It is used topically on skin and membranes in medical settings to inhibit or destroy harmful microorganisms. Its low toxicity and lack of irritating effects on tissues make Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide a preferred choice for surgical hand sanitization, skin disinfection, and the sterilization of medical instruments. Furthermore, this compound can safely be used in conjunction with other disinfectants and antiseptics, enhancing its versatility in various medical formulations and procedures, thereby ensuring a higher standard of patient care. ¹

Applications in Industrial and Agricultural Settings

Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is not limited to medical applications; it also has important uses in industrial and agricultural sectors. For instance, this compound is utilized as a biocide in water treatment processes, effectively controlling bacteria and algae in industrial water systems, which is critical for maintaining operational efficiency. Additionally, it is employed in the preservation of fruits and vegetables, with regulations permitting its use at concentrations of up to 0.07 grams per kilogram. The combination of its cleaning and antimicrobial properties makes Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide an effective agent in various applications, demonstrating its broad usability across diverse fields while ensuring safety and efficacy. ¹

Toxicity

Toxicity Profile

Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is classified as a highly toxic substance, with significant acute toxicity risks. The oral lethal dose for rats is reported to be 250 milligrams per kilogram, while the intraperitoneal lethal dose is 90 milligrams per kilogram. These figures indicate that Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide poses a substantial risk to organisms upon exposure, making it critical to handle this compound with caution. Its flammable nature adds another layer of risk, as combustion can produce toxic byproducts such as nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and bromide fumes, thus necessitating safe storage and handling protocols to mitigate hazards. ²

Safety Precautions and Handling Guidelines

When working with Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide, specific safety measures must be observed to ensure the well-being of personnel and the environment. It should never be mixed with ordinary soap, as this can lead to decreased effectiveness and potential hazardous reactions. Additionally, when disinfecting instruments, it is advised to add 0.5 percent sodium nitrite to the preparation. Care should be taken as Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide is unsuitable for disinfecting bladder scopes, ophthalmic instruments, and rubber or aluminum products due to potential material degradation. Therefore, thorough understanding and adherence to safety guidelines are essential when utilizing Benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide to prevent harmful exposure and ensure safe application. ²

Reference

1. Disinfectants. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 68004202.

2. National Center for Biotechnology Information (2024). PubChem Compound Summary for CID 23705, Benzododecinium Bromide.

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