2YR企业会员
发布人:普健生物(武汉)科技有限公司
发布日期:2026/2/3 9:35:13
NLRP3 inflammasome(NLRP3 炎症小体)是固有免疫与无菌炎症里讨论频率极高的一条通路: 在“第一信号”(priming,例如 Toll 样受体 4–核因子 κB 轴)诱导 NLRP3 与 pro-IL-1β 表达后, “第二信号”(activation,例如三磷酸腺苷、nigericin、单尿酸钠结晶、胆固醇结晶等) 触发 NLRP3–ASC–pro-Caspase-1 组装,激活 Caspase-1,切割 Gasdermin D 并促使 IL-1β/IL-18 成熟释放, 引发 pyroptosis(细胞焦亡)。[1–4]
本篇只关心:NLRP3 炎症小体要测哪些指标?各自代表什么?在什么实验平台上最好用?

(此处保留你原来的“核心 readout 列表”表格内容即可。)
(此处保留你原来的 Panel A-D 内容即可。)
注:最省指标的实用组合通常是:ASC speck(组装) + Caspase-1 p20 / GSDMD-N(激活/执行) + IL-1β(分泌) + LDH/膜染(焦亡)。[7–9]
最少指标覆盖建议:
NLRP3 + pro-IL-1β:Priming 是否到位。[4]
ASC speck:炎症小体组装(形态学 readout)。[2,12]
Caspase-1 p20 + GSDMD-N:激活与焦亡执行层。[1,7–9]
IL-1β(ELISA)+ LDH:分泌输出与焦亡功能。[7–9]
1、Martinon F, Burns K, Tschopp J. The inflammasome: A molecular platform triggering activation of inflammatory caspases and processing of proIL-1β. Molecular Cell. 2002;10(2):417–426. DOI: 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00599-3
2、Mariathasan S, Weiss DS, Newton K, et al. Cryopyrin activates the inflammasome in response to toxins and ATP. Nature. 2006;440(7081):228–232. DOI: 10.1038/nature04515
3、Martinon F, Petrilli V, Mayor A, Tardivel A, Tschopp J. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature. 2006;440(7081):237–241. DOI: 10.1038/nature04516
4、Bauernfeind FG, Horvath G, Stutz A, et al. NF-κB activating pattern recognition and cytokine receptors license NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating NLRP3 expression. Journal of Immunology. 2009;183(2):787–791. DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901363
5、Dostert C, Petrilli V, Van Bruggen R, Steele C, Mossman BT, Tschopp J. Innate immune activation through Nalp3 inflammasome sensing of asbestos and silica. Science. 2008;320(5876):674–677. DOI: 10.1126/science.1156995
6、Coll RC, Robertson AAB, Chae JJ, et al. A small-molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Nature Medicine. 2015;21(3):248–255. DOI: 10.1038/nm.3806
7、Shi J, Zhao Y, Wang K, et al. Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death. Nature. 2015;526(7575):660–665. DOI: 10.1038/nature15514
8、Kayagaki N, Stowe IB, Lee BL, et al. Caspase-11 cleaves gasdermin D for non-canonical inflammasome signalling. Nature. 2015;526(7575):666–671. DOI: 10.1038/nature15541
9、He WT, Wan H, Hu L, et al. Gasdermin D is an executor of pyroptosis and required for interleukin-1β secretion. Cell Research. 2015;25(12):1285–1298. DOI: 10.1038/cr.2015.139
10、He Y, Zeng MY, Yang D, Motro B, Núñez G. NEK7 is an essential mediator of NLRP3 activation downstream of potassium efflux. Nature. 2016;530(7590):354–357. DOI: 10.1038/nature16959
11、Shi H, Wang Y, Li X, et al. NLRP3 activation and mitosis are mutually exclusive events coordinated by NEK7, a new inflammasome component. Nature Immunology. 2016;17(3):250–258. DOI: 10.1038/ni.3333
12、Broz P, Dixit VM. Inflammasomes: mechanism of assembly, regulation and signalling. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2016;16:407–420. DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.58
相关新闻资讯