Acetonitrile is an organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CN or c2h3n. It is a colorless liquid, highly volatile, with a special smell similar to ether, excellent solvent performance, and can dissolve a variety of organic, inorganic and gaseous substances. It has certain toxicity and is infinitely miscible with water and alcohol. Acetonitrile is an important organic intermediate, which can undergo typical nitrile reactions and is used to prepare many typical nitrogen-containing compounds. Acetonitrile can be used as a solvent for the synthesis of vitamin A, cortisone, carboamine drugs and their intermediates, and also as an active medium solvent for the manufacture of vitamin B1 and amino acids. It can replace chlorinated solvent. It is used in vinyl coating, fatty acid extractant, alcohol denaturant, butadiene extractant and solvent of acrylonitrile synthetic fiber. It is also used in fabric dyeing, lighting, perfume manufacturing and photosensitive material manufacturing.
Chemical analysis and instrumental analysis
Acetonitrile is an organic modifier and solvent used in thin layer chromatography, paper chromatography, spectroscopy and polarographic analysis in recent years. Since high-purity acetonitrile does not absorb ultraviolet light at 200nm ~ 400nm, an application being developed is as a solvent for high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC, which can make the analytical sensitivity as high as 10-9 levels.
Intermediate of synthetic medicine and pesticide
Acetonitrile can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various medicines and pesticides. In medicine, it is used to synthesize a series of important pharmaceutical intermediates, such as vitamin B1, metronidazole, ethambutol, aminopteridine, adenine and antitussive; In pesticides, it is used to synthesize pyrethroid insecticides, acetaminophen and other pesticide intermediates.
Semiconductor cleaning agent
Acetonitrile is an organic solvent with strong polarity. It has good solubility in grease, inorganic salt, organic matter and polymer compounds. It can clean grease, wax, fingerprints, corrosive agent and flux residues on silicon wafers. Therefore, high purity acetonitrile can be used as semiconductor cleaner.
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