Empagliflozin NEW

Net (Empagliflozin), according to Mr Column by boehringer ingelheim and eli lilly company joint development of a type 2 sodium glucose transporters together (SGLT - 2, sodium - dependentglucosecotransporter2) inhibitors. SGLT-2 inhibitor is a new type of hypoglycemic agent. By inhibiting the expression of SGLT-2, it can reduce the kidney's glucose reabsorption and increase the excretion of glucose in urine, thus reducing the plasma glucose level. Its hypoglycemic effect is independent of β cell function and insulin resistance.

Pharmacological action

Under physiological environment, the kidney filters and reabsorbs glucose into the circulatory system to maintain the blood glucose balance in the body, while glucose enters the blood through the renal tubule lumen with the cooperation of glucose cotransport protein. SGLT2, as a form of sodium and glucose cotransport protein in glucose cotransport protein, blocks the reabsorption of glucose by the proximal convoluted tubules. Reduces glucose reabsorption by the kidneys and increases the excretion of glucose in the urine, thereby reducing plasma glucose levels. The hypoglycemic effect did not depend on the function of beta cells and was not affected by insulin resistance.

Adverse reaction

The incidence of adverse reactions was low, with 2% of common adverse reactions compared with placebo. These include urinary tract infections, fungal infections of the female reproductive system, upper respiratory tract infections, polyuria, dyslipidemia (dose-dependent increase in low-density lipoprotein), joint pain, fungal infections of the male reproductive system, hypoglycemia (increased incidence of hypoglycemia when epalliprazin is combined with insulin or sulfonylurea hypoglycemics), and nausea. Other adverse reactions of less than 2% are common in thirst (polydipsia, polydipsia), insufficient blood volume, and renal impairment.

Application:

Empagliflozin is indicated for the treatment of adults with diabetes who do not achieve adequate glycemic control with diet combined with exercise to improve glycemic control. It should not be used to treat patients with type 1 diabetes, elevated ketones in the blood or urine (diabetic ketoacidosis), severe kidney damage, end-stage kidney disease, and dialysis.