| Description |
Propyl acetate, also known as propyl ethanoate, is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C5H10O2. It is a clear and colourless liquid with with a mild fruity odor. It is highly flammable with a flash point of 14°C and a flammability rating of 3. It is highly miscible with all common organic solvents (alcohols, ketones, glycols, esters) but has only slight miscibility in water. Propyl acetate is found in apple and formed by the esterification of acetic acid and 1-propanol (known as acondensation reaction), often via Fischer–Speier esterification, with sulfuric acid as a catalyst and water produced as a byproduct. It is primarily intended as a solvent in the coatings and printing inks industries. It is widely used in fragrances and as a flavor additive due to its odor. It also acts as a good solvent for cellulose nitrate, acrylates, alkyd resins, rosin, plasticizers, waxes, oils and fats. |
| References |
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propyl_acetate
2.http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB34237
3.http://www.eastman.com/Pages/ProductHome.aspx?product=71001052
4.http://www.khchemicals.com/zh/categories/acetates/n-propyl-acetate/
5.https://www.alfa.com/zh-cn/catalog/L15355/
6.http://product-finder.basf.com/group/corporate/product-finder/en/brand/N_PROPYL_ACETATE |
| Chemical Properties |
colourless liquid with a strong odour |
| Definition |
ChEBI: An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of acetic acid with propanol. |
| Uses |
manufacturing flavors, perfumes. Solvent for resins, cellulose derivatives, plastics. |
| General Description |
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 58°F. Less dense than water, Vapors are heavier than air. |
| Air & Water Reactions |
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile |
Propyl acetate is an ester. Propyl acetate is colorless, highly flammable liquid, moderately toxic. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition Propyl acetate emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1093]. |
| Hazard |
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosive limits in air 2–8%. Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant. |
| Health Hazard |
Contact with skin and eyes causes no serious injury. High vapor concentrations will be irritating and will cause nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, with final loss of consciousness. |
| Fire Hazard |
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. |
| Safety Profile |
Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. Mildly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: lachrymation, cough. A skin irritant. A narcotic at high concentrations. Isopropyl acetate is slightly less narcotic than normal propyl acetate. A flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. |
| Purification Methods |
Wash the ester with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 until neutral, then with saturated aqueous NaCl. Dry it with MgSO4 and fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 2 IV 138.] |
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